EyeGPT for Patient Inquiries and Medical Education: Development and Validation of an Ophthalmology Large Language Model

Xiaolan Chen   ^{1 *} , MD ;   Ziwei Zhao   ^{1 *} , MD ;   Weiyi Zhang   ¹ , MS ;   Pusheng Xu   ¹ , MD ;   Yue Wu   ¹ , MD ;   Mingpu Xu   ¹ , MD ;   Le Gao   ² , MD ;   Yinwen Li   ^{3, 4} , MD ;   Xianwen Shang   ¹ , PhD ;   Danli Shi   ^{1, 5} , MD, PhD ;   Mingguang He   ^{1, 5, 6} , MD, PhD

¹ School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China

² State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China

³ Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People’s Hospital), School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

⁴ National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China

⁵ Research Centre for SHARP Vision (RCSV), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China

⁶ Centre for Eye and Vision Research (CEVR), 17W Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China

*these authors contributed equally