Applying Implementation Science to Advance Electronic Health Record–Driven Learning Health Systems: Case Studies, Challenges, and Recommendations

Katy E Trinkley   ^{1, 2, 3, 4} , PharmD, PhD ;   Anna M Maw   ^{2, 5} , MD, MS ;   Cristina Huebner Torres   ⁶ , PhD, MA ;   Amy G Huebschmann   ^{2, 7, 8} , MD, MSc ;   Russell E Glasgow   ^{1, 2, 9} , PhD

¹ Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States

² Adult and Child Center for Outcomes Research and Delivery Science Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States

³ Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States

⁴ Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States

⁵ Division of Hospital Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States

⁶ Caring Health Center, Springfield, MA, United States

⁷ Division of General Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States

⁸ Ludeman Family Center for Women’s Health Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States

⁹ VA Eastern Colorado Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Aurora, CO, United States