Classification of Patients’ Judgments of Their Physicians in Web-Based Written Reviews Using Natural Language Processing: Algorithm Development and Validation

Farrah Madanay   ^{1, 2} , PhD ;   Karissa Tu   ^{3, 4} , BS ;   Ada Campagna   ^{5, 6} , MA ;   J Kelly Davis   ^{3, 7} , BA ;   Steven S Doerstling   ⁸ , MD ;   Felicia Chen   ⁹ , BS ;   Peter A Ubel   ^{1, 3} , MD

¹ Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States

² Center for Bioethics and Social Sciences in Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States

³ Fuqua School of Business, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States

⁴ School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States

⁵ Center for Advanced Hindsight, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States

⁶ Department of Sociology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States

⁷ Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States

⁸ Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States

⁹ GrantScout, San Francisco, CA, United States