Medical Doctors’ Offline Computer-Assisted Digital Education: Systematic Review by the Digital Health Education Collaboration

Hayfaa Abdelmageed Wahabi   ¹ , MSc, MD, PhD, FRCOG, FRCS (Ed) ;   Samia Ahmed Esmaeil   ¹ , MD, MBBS ;   Khawater Hassan Bahkali   ^{1, 2} , MD, MPH ;   Maher Abdelraheim Titi   ^{1, 3} , RN, MSN ;   Yasser Sami Amer   ^{1, 4} , MD, MPed ;   Amel Ahmed Fayed   ^{5, 6} , MD, PhD ;   Amr Jamal   ^{1, 2} , MD, PhD ;   Nasriah Zakaria   ⁷ , PhD ;   Amna Rehana Siddiqui   ^{2, 8} , MD, PhD ;   Monika Semwal   ⁹ , PhD ;   Lorainne Tudor Car   ¹⁰ , MD, PhD ;   Paul Posadzki   ⁹ , PhD ;   Josip Car   ⁹ , MSc, MD, PhD, FRCP, FFPH

¹ Research Chair of Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation, Deanship of Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

² Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

³ Patient Safety Unit, Quality Management Department, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

⁴ Clinical Practice Guidelines Unit, Quality Management Department, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

⁵ College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

⁶ High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

⁷ Medical Informatics and e-Learning Unit, Medical Education Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

⁸ Department of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan

⁹ Centre for Population Health Sciences, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore

¹⁰ Family Medicine and Primary Care, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore