Effects of Virtual Reality–Based Interventions on Preoperative Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery With Anesthesia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Published on 30.04.2025 in Vol 27 (2025)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/55291, first published December 08, 2023.

; Pak Lung Chiu¹

; Defi Efendi^{3, 4}

; Haiying Huang⁵

; Ka Yan Ko⁶

; Cho Lee Wong¹

Huiyuan Li ^{1, 2
*} , PhD ; Pak Lung Chiu ^{1
*} , DN ; Defi Efendi ^{3, 4} , PhD ; Haiying Huang ⁵ , PhD ; Ka Yan Ko ⁶ , DN ; Cho Lee Wong ¹ , PhD

¹ The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)

² School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

³ Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia

⁴ Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Universitas Indonesia Hospital, Depok, Indonesia

⁵ Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, Guangzhou, China

⁶ School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)

*these authors contributed equally

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