The Use of Deep Learning and Machine Learning on Longitudinal Electronic Health Records for the Early Detection and Prevention of Diseases: Scoping Review

Laura Swinckels   ^{1, 2, 3, 4} , MSc ;   Frank C Bennis   ^{5, 6, 7} , PhD ;   Kirsten A Ziesemer   ⁸ , MSc ;   Janneke F M Scheerman   ^{2, 3} , PhD ;   Harmen Bijwaard   ³ , PhD ;   Ander de Keijzer   ^{4, 9} , PhD ;   Josef Jan Bruers   ^{1, 10} , PhD

¹ Department of Oral Public Health, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands

² Department Oral Hygiene, Cluster Health, Sports and Welfare, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands

³ Medical Technology Research Group, Cluster Health, Sport and Welfare, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, Haarlem, Netherlands

⁴ Data Driven Smart Society Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, Design & Computing, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, Alkmaar, Netherlands

⁵ Quantitative Data Analytics Group, Department of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands

⁶ Department of Pediatrics, Emma Neuroscience Group, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands

⁷ Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands

⁸ Medical Library, University Library, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands

⁹ Applied Responsible Artificial Intelligence, Avans University of Applied Sciences, Breda, Netherlands

¹⁰ Royal Dutch Dental Association (KNMT), Utrecht, Netherlands