Evaluating Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Settings—Let Us Not Reinvent the Wheel

Kathrin Cresswell   ¹ , PhD ;   Nicolette de Keizer   ^{2, 3} , PhD ;   Farah Magrabi   ⁴ , PhD ;   Robin Williams   ⁵ , PhD ;   Michael Rigby   ⁶ , PhD ;   Mirela Prgomet   ⁷ , PhD ;   Polina Kukhareva   ⁸ , PhD ;   Zoie Shui-Yee Wong   ⁹ , PhD ;   Philip Scott   ¹⁰ , PhD ;   Catherine K Craven   ¹¹ , PhD ;   Andrew Georgiou   ⁴ , PhD ;   Stephanie Medlock   ^{2, 12} , PhD ;   Jytte Brender McNair   ¹³ , PhD ;   Elske Ammenwerth   ¹⁴ , PhD

¹ Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Usher Building, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

² Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Medical Informatics, Amsterdam, Netherlands

³ Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Digital Health and Quality of Care, Amsterdam, Netherlands

⁴ Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia

⁵ Institute for the Study of Science, Technology and Innovation, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

⁶ School of Social, Political and Global Studies and School of Primary, Community and Social Care, Keele University, Keele, United Kingdom

⁷ Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia

⁸ Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah, Utah, UT, United States

⁹ St. Luke’s International University, Tokyo, Japan

¹⁰ University of Wales Trinity St David, Swansea, United Kingdom

¹¹ University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, United States

¹² Amsterdam Public Health, Methodology & Aging & Later Life, Amsterdam, Netherlands

¹³ Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

¹⁴ Institute of Medical Informatics, Private University for Health Sciences and Health Technology, UMIT TIROL, Hall in Tirol, Austria