Preferences for Artificial Intelligence Clinicians Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Discrete Choice Experiment and Propensity Score Matching Study

Taoran Liu   ^{1 *} , BSc ;   Winghei Tsang   ^{2 *} , MBBS ;   Yifei Xie   ² , MBBS ;   Kang Tian   ³ , BSc ;   Fengqiu Huang   ¹ , MPH ;   Yanhui Chen   ² , MBBS ;   Oiying Lau   ² , MBBS ;   Guanrui Feng   ¹ , MPH ;   Jianhao Du   ¹ , MPH ;   Bojia Chu   ⁴ , BA, MSc ;   Tingyu Shi   ³ , BSc ;   Junjie Zhao   ⁵ , BSc ;   Yiming Cai   ⁶ , BEcon ;   Xueyan Hu   ¹ , BEcon ;   Babatunde Akinwunmi   ^{7, 8} , MD, MPH, MMSc ;   Jian Huang   ⁹ , MPH, PhD ;   Casper J P Zhang   ¹⁰ , MPH, PhD ;   Wai-Kit Ming   ¹ , MD, PhD, MPH, MMSc

¹ Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China

² International School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China

³ Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom

⁴ Department of Applied Mathmatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)

⁵ College of Computer Science and Technology, Henan Polytechnic University, Henan, China

⁶ School of Applied Mathematics, Beijing Normal University (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China

⁷ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States

⁸ Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States

⁹ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

¹⁰ School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (Hong Kong)

*these authors contributed equally