Impact of a Symptom Checker App on Patient-Physician Interaction Among Self-Referred Walk-In Patients in the Emergency Department: Multicenter, Parallel-Group, Randomized, Controlled Trial

Malte L Schmieding   ¹ , MBI, Dr med ;   Marvin Kopka   ^{1, 2} , MSc, Dr rer med ;   Myrto Bolanaki   ³ , Dr med ;   Hendrik Napierala   ⁴ , MSc, Dr med ;   Maria B Altendorf   ³ , PhD ;   Doreen Kuschick   ⁴ , MSc, Dr rer med ;   Sophie K Piper   ^{1, 5} , Dr rer nat ;   Lennart Scatturin   ¹ , MSc ;   Konrad Schmidt   ⁴ , Prof Dr Med ;   Claudia Schorr   ⁴ , MSc ;   Alica Thissen   ¹ , Dr phil ;   Cornelia Wäscher   ⁴ , BSc, MPH ;   Christoph Heintze   ⁴ , MA, MPH, Prof Dr Med ;   Martin Möckel   ³ , Prof Dr Med ;   Felix Balzer   ¹ , Dr rer nat, Prof Dr Med ;   Anna Slagman   ³ , MSc, Prof Dr

¹ Institute of Medical Informatics, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany

² Division of Ergonomics, Department of Psychology and Ergonomics, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany

³ Emergency and Acute Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum and Campus Charité Mitte, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany

⁴ Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany

⁵ Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität, Berlin, Germany