The Costs of Anonymization: Case Study Using Clinical Data

Lisa Pilgram   ^{1, 2} , MD ;   Thierry Meurers   ³ , MSc ;   Bradley Malin   ⁴ , PhD ;   Elke Schaeffner   ⁵ , MSc, MD ;   Kai-Uwe Eckardt   ^{2, 6} , MD ;   Fabian Prasser   ³ , PhD ;   GCKD Investigators   ⁷

¹ Junior Digital Clinician Scientist Program, Biomedical Innovation Academy, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

² Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

³ Medical Informatics Group, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

⁴ Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States

⁵ Institute of Public Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany

⁶ Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany

⁷ See Acknowledgments, Erlangen, Germany