A Nordic Perspective on Patient Online Record Access and the European Health Data Space

Maria Hägglund   ^{1, 2} , PhD ;   Anna Kharko   ^{1, 3} , PhD ;   Annika Bärkås   ¹ , PhD ;   Charlotte Blease   ^{1, 4} , PhD ;   Åsa Cajander   ⁵ , PhD ;   Catherine DesRoches   ⁴ , DrPH ;   Asbjørn Johansen Fagerlund   ⁶ , PhD ;   Josefin Hagström   ¹ , MSc ;   Isto Huvila   ⁷ , PhD ;   Iiris Hörhammer   ⁸ , DSC ;   Bridget Kane   ^{1, 9} , PhD ;   Gunnar O Klein   ¹⁰ , MD, PhD ;   Eli Kristiansen   ⁶ , MEc ;   Jonas Moll   ¹⁰ , PhD ;   Irene Muli   ¹ , MSc ;   Hanife Rexhepi   ¹¹ , PhD ;   Sara Riggare   ¹ , PhD ;   Peeter Ross   ^{12, 13} , PhD, MD ;   Isabella Scandurra   ¹⁰ , PhD ;   Saija Simola   ⁸ , MSc ;   Hedvig Soone   ¹² , MSc ;   Bo Wang   ⁶ , BMed, MPH ;   Maedeh Ghorbanian Zolbin   ⁸ , MBA ;   Rose-Mharie Åhlfeldt   ¹¹ , PhD ;   Sari Kujala   ^{8 *} , PhD ;   Monika Alise Johansen   ^{6 *} , PhD

¹ Participatory eHealth and Health Data Research Group, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

² Medtech Science & Innovation Centre, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden

³ School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom

⁴ Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States

⁵ Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

⁶ Norwegian Centre for E-Health Research, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway

⁷ Department of ALM, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

⁸ Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland

⁹ Business School, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden

¹⁰ Centre for Empirical Research on Information Systems, School of Business, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden

¹¹ School of Informatics, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden

¹² E-Medicine Centre, Department of Health Technologies, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia

¹³ Research Department, East Tallinn Central Hospital, Tallinn, Estonia

*these authors contributed equally