Smartphone App–Based and Paper-Based Patient-Reported Outcomes Using a Disease-Specific Questionnaire for Dry Eye Disease: Randomized Crossover Equivalence Study

Ken Nagino   ^{1, 2, 3} , PhD ;   Yuichi Okumura   ^{2, 3} , MD, PhD ;   Yasutsugu Akasaki   ^{2, 3, 4} , MD ;   Kenta Fujio   ^{2, 3} , MD ;   Tianxiang Huang   ^{2, 3} , MD ;   Jaemyoung Sung   ² , MD ;   Akie Midorikawa-Inomata   ¹ , RN, MPH, PhD ;   Keiichi Fujimoto   ^{2, 3} , MD, PhD ;   Atsuko Eguchi   ¹ , PhD ;   Shokirova Hurramhon   ² , MD, PhD ;   Alan Yee   ^{2, 3} , PhD ;   Maria Miura   ^{2, 3} , MD, PhD ;   Mizu Ohno   ^{2, 3} , MD ;   Kunihiko Hirosawa   ^{2, 3} , MD ;   Yuki Morooka   ^{2, 3} , MD ;   Akira Murakami   ^{2, 3} , MD, PhD ;   Hiroyuki Kobayashi   ¹ , MD, PhD ;   Takenori Inomata   ^{1, 2, 3, 4} , MD, PhD, MBA

¹ Department of Hospital Administration, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

² Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

³ Department of Digital Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

⁴ AI Incubation Farm, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan