The Need to Develop Standard Measures of Patient Adherence for Big Data: Viewpoint

Przemyslaw Kardas   ¹ , Prof Dr, MD, PhD ;   Isabel Aguilar-Palacio   ^{2, 3} , MD, MPH, PhD ;   Marta Almada   ⁴ , PhD ;   Caitriona Cahir   ⁵ , BA, HDip, PhD ;   Elisio Costa   ⁴ , Prof Dr, PhD ;   Anna Giardini   ⁶ , PsyD, MSc ;   Sara Malo   ^{2, 3} , PharmB, PhD ;   Mireia Massot Mesquida   ⁷ , PharmB ;   Enrica Menditto   ^{8, 9} , PharmD, PhD ;   Luís Midão   ⁴ , MSc ;   Carlos Luis Parra-Calderón   ¹⁰ , MSc ;   Enrique Pepiol Salom   ¹¹ , MPharm, PGCert ;   Bernard Vrijens   ^{12, 13} , PhD

¹ Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland

² Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department, Zaragoza University, Zaragoza, Spain

³ Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain

⁴ UCIBIO REQUIMTE, ICBAS, Porto4Ageing - Competences Center on Active and Healthy Ageing, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

⁵ Division of Population Health Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland

⁶ IT Department, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy

⁷ Servei d’Atenció Primària Vallès Occidental, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, Spain

⁸ CIRFF, Center of Pharmacoeconomics, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy

⁹ Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy

¹⁰ Group of Research and Innovation in Biomedical Informatics, Biomedical Engineering and Health Economy, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, IBiS / Virgen del Rocío University Hospital / CSIC / University of Seville, Seville, Spain

¹¹ International Commitee, Muy Ilustre Colegio Oficial de Farmacéuticos, Valencia, Spain

¹² AARDEX Group, Seraing, Belgium

¹³ Liège University, Liège, Belgium