This paper is in the following e-collection/theme issue:

Web-based and Mobile Health Interventions (3297) Digital Health Reviews (1289) Back Pain (116)

Published on in Vol 18, No 7 (2016): July

Web-Based Interventions for Chronic Back Pain: A Systematic Review

Web-Based Interventions for Chronic Back Pain: A Systematic Review

Web-Based Interventions for Chronic Back Pain: A Systematic Review

Authors of this article:

Shashank Garg1 Author Orcid Image ;   Divya Garg1 Author Orcid Image ;   Tanvir C Turin1 Author Orcid Image ;   M Faruq U Chowdhury1 Author Orcid Image
Article Authors Cited by (83) Tweetations (16) Metrics

Journals

  1. Lilje S, Olander E, Berglund J, Skillgate E, Anderberg P. Experiences of Older Adults With Mobile Phone Text Messaging as Reminders of Home Exercises After Specialized Manual Therapy for Recurrent Low Back Pain: A Qualitative Study. JMIR mHealth and uHealth 2017;5(3):e39 View
  2. Clement I, Lorenz A, Ulm B, Plidschun A, Huber S. Implementing Systematically Collected User Feedback to Increase User Retention in a Mobile App for Self-Management of Low Back Pain: Retrospective Cohort Study. JMIR mHealth and uHealth 2018;6(6):e10422 View
  3. Peolsson A, Peterson G, Hermansen A, Ludvigsson M, Dedering Å, Löfgren H. Physiotherapy after anterior cervical spine surgery for cervical disc disease: study protocol of a prospective randomised study to compare internet-based neck-specific exercise with prescribed physical activity. BMJ Open 2019;9(2):e027387 View
  4. Córdova D, Mendoza Lua F, Ovadje L, Hong E, Castillo B, Salas-Wright C. Randomized Controlled Trials of Technology-Based HIV/STI and Drug Abuse Preventive Interventions for African American and Hispanic Youth: Systematic Review. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 2017;3(4):e96 View
  5. Martorella G, Boitor M, Berube M, Fredericks S, Le May S, Gélinas C. Tailored Web-Based Interventions for Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2017;19(11):e385 View
  6. Vugts M, Joosen M, van der Geer J, Zedlitz A, Vrijhoef H, Yang J. The effectiveness of various computer-based interventions for patients with chronic pain or functional somatic syndromes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS ONE 2018;13(5):e0196467 View
  7. Priebe J, Utpadel-Fischler D, Toelle T. <p>Less Pain, Better Sleep? The Effect of a Multidisciplinary Back Pain App on Sleep Quality in Individuals Suffering from Back Pain – a Secondary Analysis of App User Data</p>. Journal of Pain Research 2020;Volume 13:1121 View
  8. Toelle T, Utpadel-Fischler D, Haas K, Priebe J. App-based multidisciplinary back pain treatment versus combined physiotherapy plus online education: a randomized controlled trial. npj Digital Medicine 2019;2(1) View
  9. Bennell K, Nelligan R, Rini C, Keefe F, Kasza J, French S, Forbes A, Dobson F, Abbott J, Dalwood A, Harris A, Vicenzino B, Hodges P, Hinman R. Effects of internet-based pain coping skills training before home exercise for individuals with hip osteoarthritis (HOPE trial): a randomised controlled trial. Pain 2018;159(9):1833 View
  10. Babatunde F, MacDermid J, Grewal R, Macedo L, Szekeres M. Development and Usability Testing of a Web-Based and Therapist-Assisted Coping Skills Program for Managing Psychosocial Problems in Individuals With Hand and Upper Limb Injuries: Mixed Methods Study. JMIR Human Factors 2020;7(2):e17088 View
  11. Buchbinder O, van Geffen G, Scheffer G, Maxeixner H, Mühling J. Vitamin C beim chronischen nicht spezifischen Kreuzschmerz. Schmerzmedizin 2017;33(1):32 View
  12. Oliveira C, Franco M, Maher C, Ferreira P, Morelhão P, Damato T, Gobbi C, Pinto R. Physical Activity–Based Interventions Using Electronic Feedback May Be Ineffective in Reducing Pain and Disability in Patients With Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2018;99(9):1900 View
  13. Gardiner P, D'Amico S, Luo M, Haas N. An Innovative Electronic Health Toolkit (Our Whole Lives for Chronic Pain) to Reduce Chronic Pain in Patients With Health Disparities: Open Clinical Trial. JMIR mHealth and uHealth 2020;8(3):e14768 View
  14. Gogovor A, Visca R, Auger C, Bouvrette-Leblanc L, Symeonidis I, Poissant L, Ware M, Shir Y, Viens N, Ahmed S. Informing the development of an Internet-based chronic pain self-management program. International Journal of Medical Informatics 2017;97:109 View
  15. Nero H, Ranstam J, Kiadaliri A, Dahlberg L. Evaluation of a digital platform for osteoarthritis treatment: study protocol for a randomised clinical study. BMJ Open 2018;8(11):e022925 View
  16. Smith J, Faux S, Gardner T, Hobbs M, James M, Joubert A, Kladnitski N, Newby J, Schultz R, Shiner C, Andrews G. Reboot Online: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing an Online Multidisciplinary Pain Management Program with Usual Care for Chronic Pain. Pain Medicine 2019;20(12):2385 View
  17. Hauser-Ulrich S, Künzli H, Meier-Peterhans D, Kowatsch T. A Smartphone-Based Health Care Chatbot to Promote Self-Management of Chronic Pain (SELMA): Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR mHealth and uHealth 2020;8(4):e15806 View
  18. De Oliveira Silva D, Pazzinatto M, Crossley K, Azevedo F, Barton C. Novel Stepped Care Approach to Provide Education and Exercise Therapy for Patellofemoral Pain: Feasibility Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2020;22(7):e18584 View
  19. Du S, Liu W, Cai S, Hu Y, Dong J. The efficacy of e-health in the self-management of chronic low back pain: A meta analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies 2020;106:103507 View
  20. Nicholl B, Sandal L, Stochkendahl M, McCallum M, Suresh N, Vasseljen O, Hartvigsen J, Mork P, Kjaer P, Søgaard K, Mair F. Digital Support Interventions for the Self-Management of Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2017;19(5):e179 View
  21. Wright J, McCray L, Eells T, Gopalraj R, Bishop L. Computer-Assisted Cognitive-Behavior Therapy in Medical Care Settings. Current Psychiatry Reports 2018;20(10) View
  22. Ledel Solem I, Varsi C, Eide H, Kristjansdottir O, Mirkovic J, Børøsund E, Haaland-Øverby M, Heldal K, Schreurs K, Waxenberg L, Weiss K, Morrison E, Solberg Nes L. Patients’ Needs and Requirements for eHealth Pain Management Interventions: Qualitative Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2019;21(4):e13205 View
  23. Peolsson A, Landén Ludvigsson M, Peterson G. Neck-specific exercises with internet-based support compared to neck-specific exercises at a physiotherapy clinic for chronic whiplash-associated disorders: study protocol of a randomized controlled multicentre trial. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2017;18(1) View
  24. Delouya S, Crosnier G, Lacombe J, Desericourt C, Milon J. Pharmacist-led medication for pain in France: What population are we talking about? Results of the Optymed study. La Presse Médicale 2019;48(10):e273 View
  25. Pimm T, Williams L, Reay M, Pickering S, Lota R, Coote L, Maloney C, Hancock D, Sarhan F. An evaluation of a digital pain management programme: clinical effectiveness and cost savings. British Journal of Pain 2020;14(4):238 View
  26. Huber S, Priebe J, Baumann K, Plidschun A, Schiessl C, Tölle T. Treatment of Low Back Pain with a Digital Multidisciplinary Pain Treatment App: Short-Term Results. JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies 2017;4(2):e11 View
  27. Perrot S, Cittée J, Louis P, Quentin B, Robert C, Milon J, Bismut H, Baumelou A. Self‐medication in pain management: The state of the art of pharmacists’ role for optimal Over‐The‐Counter analgesic use. European Journal of Pain 2019;23(10):1747 View
  28. Graham-Brown M, Vasilica C, Oates T, Light B, Clausner C, Antonacoloulos A, Chen L, Ormandy P, Barratt J. Study protocol: responding to the needs of patients with IgA nephropathy, a social media approach. Clinical Kidney Journal 2018;11(4):474 View
  29. Bradway M, Carrion C, Vallespin B, Saadatfard O, Puigdomènech E, Espallargues M, Kotzeva A. mHealth Assessment: Conceptualization of a Global Framework. JMIR mHealth and uHealth 2017;5(5):e60 View
  30. Geraghty A, Stanford R, Stuart B, Little P, Roberts L, Foster N, Hill J, Hay E, Turner D, Malakan W, Leigh L, Yardley L. Using an internet intervention to support self-management of low back pain in primary care: findings from a randomised controlled feasibility trial (SupportBack). BMJ Open 2018;8(3):e016768 View
  31. Srikesavan C, Bryer C, Ali U, Williamson E. Web-based rehabilitation interventions for people with rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 2019;25(5):263 View
  32. Svendsen M, Wood K, Kyle J, Cooper K, Rasmussen C, Sandal L, Stochkendahl M, Mair F, Nicholl B. Barriers and facilitators to patient uptake and utilisation of digital interventions for the self-management of low back pain: a systematic review of qualitative studies. BMJ Open 2020;10(12):e038800 View
  33. Kazemi S, Tavafian S, Hiller C, Hidarnia A, Montazeri A. The effectiveness of social media and in‐person interventions for low back pain conditions in nursing personnel (SMILE). Nursing Open 2021;8(3):1220 View
  34. Ariza-Mateos M, Cabrera-Martos I, Prados-Román E, Granados-Santiago M, Rodríguez-Torres J, Carmen Valenza M. A systematic review of internet-based interventions for women with chronic pain. British Journal of Occupational Therapy 2021;84(1):6 View
  35. Hohenschurz-Schmidt D, Scott W, Park C, Christopoulos G, Vogel S, Draper-Rodi J. Remote management of musculoskeletal pain: a pragmatic approach to the implementation of video and phone consultations in musculoskeletal practice. PAIN Reports 2020;5(6):e878 View
  36. Fahimi S, Allahbakhshian M, Sadeghi A, Allahbakhshian A, Nasiri M. A standardised patient education programme for peptic ulcer patients: impact on quality of life and medication adherence. Gastrointestinal Nursing 2021;19(Sup2):S24 View
  37. Lim D, Newby J, Gardner T, Haskelberg H, Schultz R, Faux S, Shiner C. Evaluating Real-World Adherence and Effectiveness of the “Reboot Online” Program for the Management of Chronic Pain in Routine Care. Pain Medicine 2021;22(8):1784 View
  38. Raiszadeh K, Tapicer J, Taitano L, Wu J, Shahidi B. In-Clinic Versus Web-Based Multidisciplinary Exercise-Based Rehabilitation for Treatment of Low Back Pain: Prospective Clinical Trial in an Integrated Practice Unit Model. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2021;23(3):e22548 View
  39. Ziadni M, Anderson S, Gonzalez-Castro L, Darnall B. Comparative efficacy of a single-session “Empowered Relief” videoconference-delivered group intervention for chronic pain: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2021;22(1) View
  40. Hodges P, Hall L, Setchell J, French S, Kasza J, Bennell K, Hunter D, Vicenzino B, Crofts S, Dickson C, Ferreira M. Effect of a Consumer-Focused Website for Low Back Pain on Health Literacy, Treatment Choices, and Clinical Outcomes: Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2021;23(6):e27860 View
  41. Anan T, Kajiki S, Oka H, Fujii T, Kawamata K, Mori K, Matsudaira K. Effects of an Artificial Intelligence–Assisted Health Program on Workers With Neck/Shoulder Pain/Stiffness and Low Back Pain: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR mHealth and uHealth 2021;9(9):e27535 View
  42. Kesiena O, Ajayi K, Rene A, Benden M. Sociodemographic and work-related predictors of chronic lower back pain in the United States: the 2018 National Health Interview Survey data. Public Health 2021;198:30 View
  43. Ziadni M, Gonzalez-Castro L, Anderson S, Krishnamurthy P, Darnall B. Efficacy of a Single-Session “Empowered Relief” Zoom-Delivered Group Intervention for Chronic Pain: Randomized Controlled Trial Conducted During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2021;23(9):e29672 View
  44. Baumeister H, Paganini S, Sander L, Lin J, Schlicker S, Terhorst Y, Moshagen M, Bengel J, Lehr D, Ebert D. Effectiveness of a Guided Internet- and Mobile-Based Intervention for Patients with Chronic Back Pain and Depression (WARD-BP): A Multicenter, Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics 2021;90(4):255 View
  45. Taguchi K, Numata N, Takanashi R, Takemura R, Yoshida T, Kutsuzawa K, Yoshimura K, Nozaki-Taguchi N, Ohtori S, Shimizu E. Clinical Effectiveness and Cost-effectiveness of Videoconference-Based Integrated Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Pain: Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2021;23(11):e30690 View
  46. Gardner T, Schultz R, Haskelberg H, Newby J, Wheatley J, Millard M, Faux S, Shiner C. The Effect of Adjunct Telephone Support on Adherence and Outcomes of the Reboot Online Pain Management Program: Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2022;24(2):e30880 View
  47. Lara-Palomo I, Gil-Martínez E, Ramírez-García J, Capel-Alcaraz A, García-López H, Castro-Sánchez A, Antequera-Soler E. Efficacy of e-Health Interventions in Patients with Chronic Low-Back Pain: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Telemedicine and e-Health 2022;28(12):1734 View
  48. Shaygan M, Jaberi A, Firozian R, Yazdani Z, Abdelbasset W. Comparing the effects of multimedia and face-to-face pain management education on pain intensity and pain catastrophizing among patients with chronic low back pain: A randomized clinical trial. PLOS ONE 2022;17(6):e0269785 View
  49. Schlett C, Röttele N, van der Keylen P, Schöpf-Lazzarino A, Klimmek M, Körner M, Schnitzius K, Voigt-Radloff S, Maun A, Sofroniou M, Farin-Glattacker E. The Acceptance, Usability, and Utility of a Web Portal for Back Pain as Recommended by Primary Care Physicians: Qualitative Interview Study With Patients. JMIR Formative Research 2022;6(12):e38748 View
  50. Turesson C, Liedberg G, Björk M. Development of a Digital Support Application With Evidence-Based Content for Sustainable Return to Work for Persons With Chronic Pain and Their Employers: User-Centered Agile Design Approach. JMIR Human Factors 2022;9(1):e33571 View
  51. Kelly M, Fullen B, Martin D, McMahon S, McVeigh J. eHealth Interventions to Support Self-Management in People With Musculoskeletal Disorders, “eHealth: It’s TIME”—A Scoping Review. Physical Therapy 2022;102(4) View
  52. Deegan O, Fullen B, Casey M, Segurado R, Hearty C, Doody C. Combined online interactive mindfulness and exercise programme (MOVE-Online) compared with a self-management guide for adults with chronic pain: protocol for a randomised controlled feasibility trial. BMJ Open 2022;12(2):e058265 View
  53. Blake H, Somerset S, Greaves S. The Pain at Work Toolkit for Employees with Chronic or Persistent Pain: A Collaborative-Participatory Study. Healthcare 2021;10(1):56 View
  54. Moradi Z, Tavafian S, Kazemi S. Educational intervention program based on health belief model and neck pain prevention behaviors in school teachers in Tehran. BMC Public Health 2022;22(1) View
  55. Svendsen M, Sandal L, Kjær P, Nicholl B, Cooper K, Mair F, Hartvigsen J, Stochkendahl M, Søgaard K, Mork P, Rasmussen C. Using Intervention Mapping to Develop a Decision Support System–Based Smartphone App (selfBACK) to Support Self-management of Nonspecific Low Back Pain: Development and Usability Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2022;24(1):e26555 View
  56. Hörder H, Nero H, Misini Ignjatovic M, Kiadaliri A, Lohmander L, Dahlberg L, Abbott A. Digitally Delivered Exercise and Education Treatment Program for Low Back Pain: Longitudinal Observational Cohort Study. JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies 2022;9(2):e38084 View
  57. Miegel F, Gehlenborg J, Bücker L, Lion D, Moritz S. Kann eine Online-Intervention für Depressionen emotionale Probleme und Schmerzen lindern? Eine randomisiert-kontrollierte Studie. Verhaltenstherapie 2019;29(3):166 View
  58. Clarkson P, Stephenson A, Grimmett C, Cook K, Clark C, Muckelt P, O’Gorman P, Saynor Z, Adams J, Stokes M, McDonough S. Digital tools to support the maintenance of physical activity in people with long-term conditions: A scoping review. DIGITAL HEALTH 2022;8:205520762210897 View
  59. Kazemi S, Tavafian S, Montazeri A. The Social Media Intervention For Lower Back Pain Education Study (SMILE): A Protocol For A Randomized Trial To Reduce Occupational Low Back Pain In Nursing Professionals. International Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain Prevention 2019;4(3):211 View
  60. Marcuzzi A, Bach K, Nordstoga A, Bertheussen G, Ashikhmin I, Boldermo N, Kvarner E, Nilsen T, Marchand G, Ose S, Aasdahl L, Kaspersen S, Bardal E, Børke J, Mork P, Gismervik S. Individually tailored self-management app-based intervention (selfBACK) versus a self-management web-based intervention (e-Help) or usual care in people with low back and neck pain referred to secondary care: protocol for a multiarm randomised clinical trial. BMJ Open 2021;11(9):e047921 View
  61. Rogers D, Santamaria K, Seng E, Grinberg A. Behavioral Health, Telemedicine, and Opportunities for Improving Access. Current Pain and Headache Reports 2022;26(12):919 View
  62. Jeong Y, Kwon D, Kim S, Özçakar L, Kwak S. A Novel App for Assessing the Caregivers’ Physical Activity: A Pilot/Feasibility Study. Clinical Nursing Research 2023;32(3):463 View
  63. Ziadni M, Sturgeon J, Lumley M. “Pain, Stress, and Emotions”: Uncontrolled trial of a single-session, telehealth, emotional awareness and expression therapy class for patients with chronic pain. Frontiers in Pain Research 2022;3 View
  64. Costa F, Janela D, Molinos M, Moulder R, Lains J, Bento V, Scheer J, Yanamadala V, Correia F, Cohen S. Digital Rehabilitation for Acute Low Back Pain: A Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study. Journal of Pain Research 2022;Volume 15:1873 View
  65. Hohenschurz-Schmidt D, Scott W, Park C, Christopoulos G, Vogel S, Draper-Rodi J. Telemedizinisches Schmerzmanagement von muskuloskeletalem Schmerz. Der Schmerz 2023;37(5):360 View
  66. Tabacof L, Baker T, Durbin J, Desai V, Zeng Q, Sahasrabudhe A, Herrera J, Putrino D. Telehealth treatment for nonspecific low back pain: A review of the current state in mobile health. PM&R 2022;14(9):1086 View
  67. Zheng F, Liu S, Zhang S, Yu Q, Lo W, Li T, Wang C. Does m-health-based exercise (guidance plus education) improve efficacy in patients with chronic low-back pain? A preliminary report on the intervention’s significance. Trials 2022;23(1) View
  68. Tousignant-Laflamme Y, Longtin C, Coutu M, Gaudreault N, Kairy D, Nastasia I, Léonard G. Self-management programs to ensure sustainable return to work following long-term sick leave due to low back pain: A sequential qualitative study. Work 2023;75(2):729 View
  69. Turesson C, Liedberg G, Vixner L, Lofgren M, Björk M. Evidence-based digital support during 1 year after an Interdisciplinary Pain Rehabilitation Programme for persons with chronic musculoskeletal pain to facilitate a sustainable return to work: a study protocol for a registry-based multicentre randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2022;12(4):e060452 View
  70. Fritsch C, Abdel-Shaheed C, Mohamed R, Ferreira P, McLachlan A, Ferreira M. A qualitative assessment of a text message intervention for people with low back pain. Musculoskeletal Science and Practice 2023;64:102739 View
  71. Chew M, Chan C, Kobayashi S, Cheng H, Wong T, Nicholson L. Online pain management programs for chronic, widespread musculoskeletal conditions: A systematic review with meta‐analysis. Pain Practice 2023;23(6):664 View
  72. Hong S, Park J, Park S, Eze B, Dorsey S, Starkweather A, Kim K. Software‐based interventions for low back pain management: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Journal of Nursing Scholarship 2024;56(2):206 View
  73. Deegan O, Fullen B, Casey M, Segurado R, Hearty C, Doody C. Mindfulness Combined With Exercise Online (MOVE) Compared With a Self-management Guide for Adults With Chronic Pain. The Clinical Journal of Pain 2023;39(8):394 View
  74. Lutsch A, Baumeister H, Paganini S, Sander L, Terhorst Y, Domhardt M. Mechanisms of change in digital cognitive behavioral therapy for depression in patients with chronic back pain: A mediation analysis of a multicenter randomized clinical trial. Behaviour Research and Therapy 2023;168:104369 View
  75. Peterson G, Peolsson A. Efficacy of Neck-Specific Exercise With Internet Support Versus Neck-Specific Exercise at a Physiotherapy Clinic in Chronic Whiplash-Associated Disorders: Multicenter Randomized Controlled Noninferiority Trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2023;25:e43888 View
  76. Garland E, Gullapalli B, Prince K, Hanley A, Sanyer M, Tuomenoksa M, Rahman T. Zoom-Based Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement Plus Just-in-Time Mindfulness Practice Triggered by Wearable Sensors for Opioid Craving and Chronic Pain. Mindfulness 2023;14(6):1329 View
  77. Blake H, Chaplin W, Wainwright E, Taylor G, McNamee P, McWilliams D, Abbott-Fleming V, Holmes J, Fecowycz A, Walsh D, Walker-Bone K. The Web-Based Pain-at-Work Toolkit With Telephone Support for Employees With Chronic or Persistent Pain: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Feasibility Trial. JMIR Research Protocols 2023;12:e51474 View
  78. Peolsson A, Nilsing Strid E, Peterson G. Novel Internet Support for Neck-Specific Rehabilitation Improves Work-Related Outcomes to the Same Extent as Extensive Visits to a Physiotherapy Clinic in Individuals with Chronic Whiplash-Associated Disorders: A Prospective Randomised Study. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation 2024;34(4):873 View
  79. Herron K, Bradshaw A, Liptrot M, Wieringa G, Mathews K, Wiles J, Johnson S. Moving pain management programmes into the digital age: development and evaluation of an online PMP for people with chronic pain. Frontiers in Pain Research 2024;5 View
  80. Olson R, Hess J, Turk D, Marino M, Donovan C, Stoffregen S, De Anda I, Springer R, Nguyen-Kearns E. Translating an Intervention to Address Chronic Pain among Home Care Workers. Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine 2024;66(9):757 View
  81. Monreal-Bartolomé A, Castro A, Pérez-Ara M, Gili M, Mayoral F, Hurtado M, Varela Moreno E, Botella C, García-Palacios A, Baños R, López-Del-Hoyo Y, García-Campayo J, Montero-Marin J. Efficacy of a blended low-intensity internet-delivered psychological programme in patients with multimorbidity in primary care: a randomized controlled trial (Preprint). Journal of Medical Internet Research 2024 View

Books/Policy Documents

  1. Jones C, Kishino N, Gatchel R. Handbook of Rehabilitation in Older Adults. View
  2. Main C, Nicholas M. Comprehensive Clinical Psychology. View