Effectiveness of Digital Lifestyle Interventions on Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and Well-Being: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Jacinta Brinsley   ¹ , PhD ;   Edward J O'Connor   ² , PhD ;   Ben Singh   ¹ , PhD ;   Grace McKeon   ³ , PhD ;   Rachel Curtis   ¹ , PhD ;   Ty Ferguson   ¹ , PhD ;   Georgia Gosse   ⁴ , BPT ;   Iris Willems   ^{5, 6} , MSc ;   Pieter-Jan Marent   ^{5, 7} , MSc ;   Kimberley Szeto   ¹ , BHSc ;   Joseph Firth   ^{8, 9} , PhD ;   Carol Maher   ¹ , PhD

¹ Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia

² Health & Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, Australia

³ Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Nutrition, Exercise and Social Equity (NExuS), University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

⁴ IIMPACT in Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia

⁵ Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Research Centre for Aging Young, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

⁶ Research Foundation Flanders, Brussels, Belgium

⁷ Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

⁸ Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom

⁹ Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom