Published on in Vol 25 (2023)
Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are
available at
https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/48166, first published
.
1 School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong Province, China
2 School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
3 Jinan Blood Center, Jinan, Shandong Province, China