Unassisted Clinicians Versus Deep Learning–Assisted Clinicians in Image-Based Cancer Diagnostics: Systematic Review With Meta-analysis

Peng Xue   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   Mingyu Si   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   Dongxu Qin   ^{1 *} , MD ;   Bingrui Wei   ^{1 *} , MD ;   Samuel Seery   ^{2 *} , PhD ;   Zichen Ye   ¹ , MD ;   Mingyang Chen   ¹ , PhD ;   Sumeng Wang   ³ , PhD ;   Cheng Song   ¹ , PhD ;   Bo Zhang   ¹ , MD ;   Ming Ding   ¹ , MD ;   Wenling Zhang   ¹ , MD ;   Anying Bai   ¹ , PhD ;   Huijiao Yan   ¹ , PhD ;   Le Dang   ⁴ , PhD ;   Yuqian Zhao   ⁵ , PhD ;   Remila Rezhake   ⁶ , PhD ;   Shaokai Zhang   ⁷ , PhD ;   Youlin Qiao   ⁸ , PhD ;   Yimin Qu   ¹ , PhD ;   Yu Jiang   ¹ , PhD

¹ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, CN

² Faculty of Health and Medicine, Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, GB

³ Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, CN

⁴ Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, CN

⁵ Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science & Technology of China, Sichuan, CN

⁶ Affiliated Cancer Hospital, The 3rd Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, CN

⁷ Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, CN

⁸ Center for Global Health, School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, CN

*these authors contributed equally