Unassisted Clinicians Versus Deep Learning–Assisted Clinicians in Image-Based Cancer Diagnostics: Systematic Review With Meta-analysis

Peng Xue   ^{1 *} , MPH ;   Mingyu Si   ^{1 *} , MPH ;   Dongxu Qin   ^{1 *} , BM ;   Bingrui Wei   ^{1 *} , BS ;   Samuel Seery   ^{2 *} , PhD ;   Zichen Ye   ¹ , BM ;   Mingyang Chen   ¹ , BM ;   Sumeng Wang   ³ , BM ;   Cheng Song   ¹ , MPhil ;   Bo Zhang   ¹ , BM ;   Ming Ding   ¹ , BM ;   Wenling Zhang   ¹ , BM ;   Anying Bai   ¹ , BM ;   Huijiao Yan   ¹ , MPH ;   Le Dang   ⁴ , PhD ;   Yuqian Zhao   ⁵ , PhD ;   Remila Rezhake   ⁶ , PhD ;   Shaokai Zhang   ⁷ , PhD ;   Youlin Qiao   ⁸ , PhD ;   Yimin Qu   ¹ , PhD ;   Yu Jiang   ¹ , PhD

¹ Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

² Faculty of Health and Medicine, Division of Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom

³ Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

⁴ Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

⁵ Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science & Technology of China, Sichuan, China

⁶ Affiliated Cancer Hospital, The 3rd Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China

⁷ Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China

⁸ Center for Global Health, School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

*these authors contributed equally