Characterizing User Engagement With a Digital Intervention for Pain Self-management Among Youth With Sickle Cell Disease and Their Caregivers: Subanalysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Chitra Lalloo   ^{1, 2} , PhD ;   Fareha Nishat   ¹ , MPH ;   William Zempsky   ³ , MD ;   Nitya Bakshi   ^{4, 5} , MBBS, MS ;   Sherif Badawy   ⁶ , MD ;   Yeon Joo Ko   ⁷ , BSc ;   Carlton Dampier   ^{4, 5 *} , MD ;   Jennifer Stinson   ^{1, 8 *} , RN, PhD ;   Tonya M Palermo   ^{7 *} , PhD

¹ Department of Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada

² Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

³ Division of Pain & Palliative Medicine, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, CT, United States

⁴ Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Blood and Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States

⁵ Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States

⁶ Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States

⁷ Child Health Behavior & Development, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA, United States

⁸ Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

*these authors contributed equally