Digital Device Exposure and Cognition Levels of Children in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Cross-sectional Study in Cambodia

Hye Hyeon Kim   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   JooHyun Lee   ^{1 *} , BSN ;   Ho Heon Kim   ¹ , RN, MS ;   Sangho Hwang   ¹ , MS ;   Ilcheong Yi   ² , PhD ;   Sambath Kao   ³ , MSc, MD ;   DooRa Kim   ⁴ , BS ;   Hyuk-Sang Sohn   ⁵ , PhD ;   Joohye Kim   ⁶ , PhD ;   Yejin Choi   ⁴ , BS ;   Sangchul Yoon   ⁷ , MD, PhD ;   Yu Rang Park   ¹ , PhD

¹ Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

² United Nations Research Institute for Social Development, Geneva, Switzerland

³ Department of Malnutrition and Neurology, National Pediatric Hospital, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

⁴ DoBrain Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea

⁵ Graduate School of Public Policy & Civic Engagement, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

⁶ Department of Special Education, Baekseok University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea

⁷ Department of Medical Humanities and Social Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

*these authors contributed equally