Effectiveness of Digital Interventions for Preventing Alcohol Consumption in Pregnancy: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Sarah Soyeon Oh   ^{1, 2, 3} , PhD ;   Jong Youn Moon   ^{4, 5 *} , MD, PhD ;   Doukyoung Chon   ³ , PhD ;   Carol Mita   ⁶ , MLIS ;   Jourdyn A Lawrence   ⁷ , MScPH, PhD ;   Eun-Cheol Park   ^{2, 8} , MD, PhD ;   Ichiro Kawachi   ^{1 *} , MD, PhD

¹ Department of Social & Behavioral Sciences, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States

² Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

³ Center for Public Health, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea

⁴ Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea

⁵ Artificial Intelligence and Big-Data Convergence Center, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea

⁶ Research and Instruction Services, Countway Library of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States

⁷ François-Xavier Bagnoud Center for Health and Human Rights, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States

⁸ Department of Preventive Medicine & Public Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

*these authors contributed equally