Understanding eHealth Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Targeting Substance Use: Realist Review

Farhud Shams   ¹ , BSc ;   James S H Wong   ¹ , BSc ;   Mohammadali Nikoo   ¹ , MD ;   Ava Outadi   ^{1, 2} , BA ;   Ehsan Moazen-Zadeh   ³ , MD, MSc ;   Mostafa M Kamel   ^{1, 4} , MD ;   Michael Jae Song   ⁵ , BSc, MPH ;   Kerry L Jang   ⁶ , PhD ;   Reinhard Michael Krausz   ^{1, 7, 8} , MD, PhD, FRCPC

¹ Institute of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

² Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

³ Addiction Institute of Mount Sinai, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States

⁴ Department of Psychiatry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

⁵ Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

⁶ Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

⁷ School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

⁸ Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada