Efficacy of Electronic Acupuncture Shoes for Chronic Low Back Pain: Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial

Bo-Yan Yeh   ¹ , MD ;   Geng-Hao Liu   ^{1, 2, 3} , MD, PhD ;   Tzung-Yan Lee   ^{4, 5} , PhD ;   Alice May-Kuen Wong   ⁶ , MD ;   Hen-Hong Chang   ^{7, 8 *} , MD, PhD ;   Yu-Sheng Chen   ^{1, 9 *} , MD, PhD

¹ Division of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan

² School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan

³ Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan

⁴ Graduate Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan

⁵ Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan

⁶ Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan

⁷ Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, and Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

⁸ Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

⁹ Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan

*these authors contributed equally