Development of an Item Bank to Measure Medication Adherence: Systematic Review

Yu Heng Kwan   ^{1, 2 *} , PhD ;   Livia Jia Yi Oo   ^{2 *} , BSc ;   Dionne Hui Fang Loh   ^{3 *} , BEng ;   Jie Kie Phang   ⁴ , BSc ;   Si Dun Weng   ² , BSc ;   Dan V Blalock   ^{5, 6} , PhD ;   Eng Hui Chew   ² , PhD ;   Kai Zhen Yap   ² , PhD ;   Corrinne Yong Koon Tan   ⁷ , MBA ;   Sungwon Yoon   ^{1, 3} , PhD ;   Warren Fong   ^{4, 8, 9} , FAMS ;   Truls Østbye   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   Lian Leng Low   ^{3, 10, 11 *} , FCFP(S) ;   Hayden Barry Bosworth   ^{5, 6, 12, 13 *} , PhD ;   Julian Thumboo   ^{1, 4, 9 *} , FRCP

¹ Program in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore

² Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

³ PULSES Centre Grant, SingHealth Regional Health System, Singapore, Singapore

⁴ Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

⁵ Center of Innovation to Accelerate Discovery and Practice Transformation (ADAPT), Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Durham, NC, United States

⁶ Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States

⁷ Pharmacy Transformation Office, National Healthcare Group Pharmacy, Singapore, Singapore

⁸ Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore

⁹ NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

¹⁰ Department of Family Medicine and Continuing Care, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

¹¹ Post Acute and Continuing Care, Outram Community Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

¹² School of Nursing, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States

¹³ Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States

*these authors contributed equally