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Skip search results from other journals and go to results- 2 Journal of Medical Internet Research
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Although the causes and risk factors for hikikomori are not completely known, many studies have highlighted aspects of Japanese society and culture that enable hikikomori features and may account for the especially high number of hikikomori cases reported in Japan.
JMIR Infodemiology 2025;5:e65610
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We previously reported findings based on analysis of tweets containing the hashtag #hikikomori [10]; the study found that tweets depicted hikikomori as either not a problem (eg, as a lifestyle or a nonconcerning behavior) or as a medical or social problem. Tweets with scientific content and tweets mentioning hikikomori in countries other than Japan showed significantly higher user engagement than those without these topics.
J Med Internet Res 2022;24(1):e31175
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Hikikomori is the romanization of a Japanese concept referring to a complex phenomenon characterized by severe social withdrawal [1-3]. Definitions of hikikomori have evolved slightly over time [4], but in general, individuals with hikikomori are defined by their pattern of social isolation, remaining usually at their homes, which includes significant distress or functional impairment (eg, inability to maintain academic studies or a job) and a duration of at least 6 months [5-7].
J Med Internet Res 2019;21(5):e14167
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Hikikomori, a form of pathological social withdrawal behavior that was first identified in Japan, describes youth and young adults who largely become recluses (mainly in their parents’ homes) and do not engage in education, employment, or training for months or years [1]. Their hidden or non-engaged behavior [2-6] makes studying hikikomori an extremely challenging research topic.
JMIR Ment Health 2018;5(2):e34
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