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The Construction and Application of a Clinical Decision Support System for Cardiovascular Diseases: Multimodal Data-Driven Development and Validation Study

The Construction and Application of a Clinical Decision Support System for Cardiovascular Diseases: Multimodal Data-Driven Development and Validation Study

The high incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an important public health problem worldwide. CVD remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide and a major contributor to disability. CVD was responsible for 18.6 million deaths according to the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study. China is one of the countries most burdened by CVD [1]. In 2021, approximately 5.1 million individuals lost their lives to CVD in China [2].

Shumei Miao, Pei Ji, Yongqian Zhu, Haoyu Meng, Mang Jing, Rongrong Sheng, Xiaoliang Zhang, Hailong Ding, Jianjun Guo, Wen Gao, Guanyu Yang, Yun Liu

JMIR Med Inform 2025;13:e63186

Estimating Trends in Cardiovascular Disease Risk for the EXPOSE (Explaining Population Trends in Cardiovascular Risk: A Comparative Analysis of Health Transitions in South Africa and England) Study: Repeated Cross-Sectional Study

Estimating Trends in Cardiovascular Disease Risk for the EXPOSE (Explaining Population Trends in Cardiovascular Risk: A Comparative Analysis of Health Transitions in South Africa and England) Study: Repeated Cross-Sectional Study

Sixth, the 1-year risk of CVD is calculated as the product of the joint HR and the group-specific annual CVD event rate. Seventh, the 1-year survival is calculated as the exponential of the negative value of the 1-year risk of CVD (eg, a 1-year CVD risk of 0.06 translates to a 1-year survival of exp(–0.06)=0.942). In the eighth stage, the cumulative survival is calculated as the product of the 1-year survival in year T and the survival in year T–1.

Shaun Scholes, Jennifer S Mindell, Mari Toomse-Smith, Annibale Cois, Kafui Adjaye-Gbewonyo

JMIR Cardio 2025;9:e64893

Targeting Key Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in At-Risk Individuals: Developing a Digital, Personalized, and Real-Time Intervention to Facilitate Smoking Cessation and Physical Activity

Targeting Key Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in At-Risk Individuals: Developing a Digital, Personalized, and Real-Time Intervention to Facilitate Smoking Cessation and Physical Activity

The leading cause of disease burden across the globe is cardiovascular disease (CVD) [1]. Over the years, CVD prevalence and the number of CVD deaths have increased; in 2019, there were 523 million cases of CVD and 18.6 million deaths due to CVD [1]. CVD mortality is decreasing in most European countries, yet there are still 3.9 million deaths yearly [2,3]. Important behavioral CVD risk factors include smoking, low physical activity, unhealthy diet, and alcohol use [2,4].

Anke Versluis, Kristell M Penfornis, Sven A van der Burg, Bouke L Scheltinga, Milon H M van Vliet, Nele Albers, Eline Meijer

JMIR Cardio 2024;8:e47730

Effects of Lifestyle Interventions on Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Risk Factors Among Individuals at High Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Effects of Lifestyle Interventions on Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Risk Factors Among Individuals at High Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Behavioral risk factors such as an unhealthy diet, heavy alcohol drinking, and physical inactivity lead to increased BMI, plasma glucose, and serum lipids and the development of CVD events [1,9]. Studies have also shown that psychosocial factors, such as anxiety, depression, stress, social isolation, and the lack of social support, can independently influence absolute CVD risk [10,11]. Assessing an individual’s CVD risk is the initial step in the primary prevention of CVDs [12].

Getu Debalkie Demissie, Josephine Birungi, Tilahun Haregu, Sathish Thirunavukkarasu, Brian Oldenburg

JMIR Res Protoc 2024;13:e53517

Effects of Empagliflozin in Type 2 Diabetes With and Without Chronic Kidney Disease and Nondiabetic Chronic Kidney Disease: Protocol for 3 Crossover Randomized Controlled Trials (SiRENA Project)

Effects of Empagliflozin in Type 2 Diabetes With and Without Chronic Kidney Disease and Nondiabetic Chronic Kidney Disease: Protocol for 3 Crossover Randomized Controlled Trials (SiRENA Project)

One of the most common and serious complications is cardiovascular disease (CVD), which affects more than 30% of all patients with diabetes [3]. Other complications include retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects up to 50% of all patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) [4,5] and is common in patients without diabetes as well. It ranks just below diabetes as the 10th leading global cause of death, resulting in an estimated 1.3 million deaths annually.

Steffen Flindt Nielsen, Camilla Lundgreen Duus, Niels Henrik Buus, Jesper Nørgaard Bech, Frank Holden Mose

JMIR Res Protoc 2024;13:e56067

Evaluation of Social Isolation Trajectories and Incident Cardiovascular Disease Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in China: National Cohort Study

Evaluation of Social Isolation Trajectories and Incident Cardiovascular Disease Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in China: National Cohort Study

It has been well established that lifestyle [17] and health conditions [18] are associated with an increased risk of CVD outcomes, and therefore, the confounding or covariate influences of these factors on the association between social isolation and incident CVD should be considered when estimating the aforementioned association between social isolation and CVD.

Lan Guo, Wanxin Wang, Jingman Shi, Xinyu Zheng, Yilin Hua, Ciyong Lu

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023;9:e45677

The Use of Digital Health Interventions for Cardiometabolic Diseases Among South Asian and Black Minority Ethnic Groups: Realist Review

The Use of Digital Health Interventions for Cardiometabolic Diseases Among South Asian and Black Minority Ethnic Groups: Realist Review

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2 DM; termed “cardiometabolic disease”) are common globally [1]. In the United Kingdom, CVD affects approximately 7 million people, is responsible for 1 in 4 premature deaths [2], and was the leading cause of death among males in 2018 [3]. T2 DM is also highly prevalent, and the United Kingdom estimates suggest that the total number of adults with diabetes will surpass 4.6 million (9.5% of the population) by 2030 [4].

Aumeya Goswami, Lydia Poole, Zareen Thorlu-Bangura, Nushrat Khan, Wasim Hanif, Kamlesh Khunti, Paramjit Gill, Madiha Sajid, Ann Blandford, Fiona Stevenson, Amitava Banerjee, Mel Ramasawmy

J Med Internet Res 2023;25:e40630

Assessing and Promoting Cardiovascular Health for Adolescent Women: User-Centered Design Approach

Assessing and Promoting Cardiovascular Health for Adolescent Women: User-Centered Design Approach

However, adolescents are cognitively capable of understanding short-, medium-, and long-term risks for CVD [7] and have been shown in prior studies to report motivation to act now to prevent future CVD [8]. Previous interventions to improve CVD awareness and mitigate CVD risk in adolescent and young adult (AYA) women have been limited to distinct populations, such as college students [9], or have focused on addressing only a few CVD risk factors at a time [10-13].

Kolbi Bradley, Santiago J Arconada Alvarez, Amanda K Gilmore, Morgan Greenleaf, Aayahna Herbert, Melissa J Kottke, Maren Parsell, Sierra Patterson, Tymirra Smith, Mercedes Sotos-Prieto, Elizabeth Zeichner, Holly C Gooding

JMIR Form Res 2022;6(12):e42051