e.g. mhealth
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Skip search results from other journals and go to results- 16 Journal of Medical Internet Research
- 2 JMIR Formative Research
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- 1 JMIR mHealth and uHealth
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Although e HEALS was primarily developed for using computers for health purposes, it has been validated with the use of mobile devices and social media and shows good reliability [26,27]. In this study, the scale has a Cronbach α reliability coefficient of 0.99, which indicates high internal consistency and reliability.
JMIR Aging 2024;7:e56061
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The Japanese version of the e HL Scale (J-e HEALS) was used to assess e HL for using health information on the internet as a 1-way communication channel (Health 1.0) among participants [20-22]. We selected e HL Scale (e HEALS) because it is the most widely used DHL scale in the world and is easy to answer for participants [23]. The J-e HEALS used a 5-point Likert scale to measure perceived e HL (from 1 [strongly disagree] to 5 [strongly agree]; score range=8-40).
J Med Internet Res 2024;26:e57842
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Nevertheless, e HEALS is, to date, the most widely used instrument to assess e HL [44].
Therefore, a validation of e HEALS is needed to investigate the applicability of this assessment in terms of validity and reliability in a changed environment for people with the post–COVID-19 condition. In this study, we focused on the application of e HEALS in measuring e HL in German-speaking individuals with the post–COVID-19 condition.
JMIR Form Res 2024;8:e52189
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From the perspective of social cognitive theory, behavioral competence refers to the knowledge and skills needed to influence behaviors [16,17].
e HEALS has been translated and adapted for a total of 16 different languages [18] and has shown strong internal consistency and retest reliability across a wide range of age groups, from 12 to 91 years, in over 10 countries [19]. Research on the applicability of e HEALS in China began in 2013 [20].
J Med Internet Res 2023;25:e48838
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Performance-Based Measurement of eHealth Literacy: Systematic Scoping Review
Concurrent with their publication coining e Health literacy, Norman and Skinner [9] published the e Health Literacy Scale (e HEALS), an 8-item questionnaire wherein each item is rated using a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree), with higher scores indicating higher perceived e Health literacy.
J Med Internet Res 2023;25:e44602
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These authors developed the e Health Literacy Scale (e HEALS), an e Health literacy rating scale to promote e Health and identify strategies to help patients use digital media in health. The e HEALS does not measure skills directly, but “measures consumers’ perceived skills and comfort with e Health” (p24) [6].
Currently, several tools are available to assess e Health literacy.
JMIR Form Res 2022;6(8):e36777
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Juvalta and colleagues [52], who used the G-e HEALS, have also collected their data on a limited sample of young parents (88.5% female). In another German-speaking study, Reder and colleagues [53] have shown a 3-factorial structure for the G-e HEALS. However, only women participated in this study, which is a limited sample for examining the validity of the G-e HEALS. Inconsistent findings and methodological limitations of these studies indicate an unclear factorial structure of the G-e HEALS.
J Med Internet Res 2022;24(2):e28252
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Digitization and Health in Germany: Cross-sectional Nationwide Survey
Perceived e Health literacy was measured with the German version of the e Health Literacy Scale (e HEALS) [9]. e HEALS consists of eight items with statements that address the ability to locate, evaluate, and use internet-based resources for health-related purposes [10]. The items are rated on a 5-point Likert Scale (from 1=strongly disagree to 5=strongly agree).
JMIR Public Health Surveill 2021;7(11):e32951
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The e Health Literacy Scale (e HEALS) was used to measure consumers’ combined knowledge, comfort, and perceived skills at finding, evaluating, and applying e Health information to manage health problems [30]. It was developed based on a framework that comprised six dimensions to understand and use e Health information [31]. The e HEALS has eight items that are rated on a 5-point Likert scale (including “strongly disagree,” “disagree,” “neutral,” “agree,” and “strongly agree”).
J Med Internet Res 2021;23(9):e26721
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The hypotheses used in this study to evaluate the construct validity were that there is a negative correlation between Ar-e HEALS sum score and age, and there is a positive correlation between Ar-e HEALS level and education as well as between Ar-e HEALS and self-perceived general health.
J Med Internet Res 2021;23(3):e24466
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