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Effect of a Feedback Visit and a Clinical Decision Support System Based on Antibiotic Prescription Audit in Primary Care: Multiarm Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial

Effect of a Feedback Visit and a Clinical Decision Support System Based on Antibiotic Prescription Audit in Primary Care: Multiarm Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial

Recently, the literature has advocated antimicrobial stewardship programs to reduce inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions and improve adherence to medical guidelines in primary care [3]. Several levers have been proposed to change behavior: active or passive training [4], audits and clinical practice feedback [5], patient-focused actions, nudge interventions [6], and financial incentives [7].

Pauline Jeanmougin, Stéphanie Larramendy, Jean-Pascal Fournier, Aurélie Gaultier, Cédric Rat

J Med Internet Res 2024;26:e60535

Combating Antimicrobial Resistance Through a Data-Driven Approach to Optimize Antibiotic Use and Improve Patient Outcomes: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study

Combating Antimicrobial Resistance Through a Data-Driven Approach to Optimize Antibiotic Use and Improve Patient Outcomes: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is among the greatest threats to global health and is predicted to become the leading cause of death by 2050 [1,2]. Mortality due to AMR will rise from 700,000 deaths to 10 million deaths annually if nothing is done to halt the current trends [3]. Indeed, in 2019, only 8 years from when these projections were made, 1.27 million deaths were attributed to AMR, higher than those due to HIV, malaria, and tuberculosis [2].

Jonathan Mayito, Conrad Tumwine, Ronald Galiwango, Elly Nuwamanya, Suzan Nakasendwa, Mackline Hope, Reuben Kiggundu, Dathan M Byonanebye, Flavia Dhikusooka, Vivian Twemanye, Andrew Kambugu, Francis Kakooza

JMIR Res Protoc 2024;13:e58116

A Comparison of Conventional Root Canal Sealers With Ones That Use Green Synthesized Nanoparticles for Antimicrobial Activity: Protocol for a Systematic Review

A Comparison of Conventional Root Canal Sealers With Ones That Use Green Synthesized Nanoparticles for Antimicrobial Activity: Protocol for a Systematic Review

As a result, an efficient antimicrobial sealer is paramount for a successful root canal treatment [8,9]. In root canal obturation, a variety of sealers with similar properties have been used. Biocompatibility and a potent antimicrobial effect are the main criteria for developing a root canal sealer [10,11]. Conventional root canal sealers exhibit mild to strong antibacterial properties, but once set, the materials possess a diminished antimicrobial capacity [12,13].

Abubaker Mohamed, Enas Ismail, Razia Z Adam

JMIR Res Protoc 2024;13:e51351

Complex Hospital-Based Electronic Prescribing–Based Intervention to Support Antimicrobial Stewardship: Qualitative Study

Complex Hospital-Based Electronic Prescribing–Based Intervention to Support Antimicrobial Stewardship: Qualitative Study

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious public health threat [1]. It involves bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics, potentially leading to infectious diseases no longer being treatable with antimicrobial agents and is driven by antibiotic use [2,3]. The patient, health care, and economic costs of AMR are significant.

Kathrin Cresswell, Susan Hinder, Aziz Sheikh, Neil Watson, David Price, Andrew Heed, Sarah Katie Pontefract, Jamie Coleman, Jillian Beggs, Antony Chuter, Ann Slee, Robin Williams

JMIR Form Res 2024;8:e54458

The Impact of Point-of-Care Testing for Influenza on Antimicrobial Stewardship (PIAMS) in UK Primary Care: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study

The Impact of Point-of-Care Testing for Influenza on Antimicrobial Stewardship (PIAMS) in UK Primary Care: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study

Inappropriate prescribing of antimicrobials and unwarranted variation in prescribing can contribute to increase of antimicrobial-resistant strains and patient adverse events in the short and long term [13]. We have previously shown that, in a prepandemic context, it is feasible to undertake point-of-care testing (POCT) for influenza in primary care in the England, with promising impacts on antimicrobial use and estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness that are comparable with published data [14-16].

Uy Hoang, Alice Williams, Jessica Smylie, Carole Aspden, Elizabeth Button, Jack Macartney, Cecilia Okusi, Rachel Byford, Filipa Ferreira, Meredith Leston, Charis Xuan Xie, Mark Joy, Gemma Marsden, Tristan Clark, Simon de Lusignan

JMIR Res Protoc 2023;12:e46938

Understanding the Consumption of Antimicrobial Resistance–Related Content on Social Media: Twitter Analysis

Understanding the Consumption of Antimicrobial Resistance–Related Content on Social Media: Twitter Analysis

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of the most pressing concerns of our time. Overprescription and incorrect usage of antibiotics have further contributed to the worsening crisis. With deaths attributed to AMR reaching 4.95 million in 2019 [1] and a predicted cumulative global cost of $100 trillion by 2050, it is clear that novel strategies to combat AMR are desperately needed [2,3].

Hyunuk Kim, Chris R Proctor, Dylan Walker, Ronan R McCarthy

J Med Internet Res 2023;25:e42363

Prevalence of Antibiotic-Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria and Level of Antibiotic Residues in Hospital Effluents in Selangor, Malaysia: Protocol for a Cross-sectional Study

Prevalence of Antibiotic-Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria and Level of Antibiotic Residues in Hospital Effluents in Selangor, Malaysia: Protocol for a Cross-sectional Study

The overuse and abuse of antibiotics have contributed to the global epidemic of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Environmental contamination with antibiotic residues and resistant microorganisms and genes due to human activity has been demonstrated in pharmaceutical plants and may be a leading driver of the spread of ARB.

Sophia Karen Bakon, Zuraifah Asrah Mohamad, Mohd Azerulazree Jamilan, Hazimah Hashim, Mohamed Yazid Kuman, Rafiza Shaharudin, Norazah Ahmad, Nor Asiah Muhamad

JMIR Res Protoc 2023;12:e39022

Technology, Training, and Task Shifting at the World’s Largest Mass Gathering in 2025: An Opportunity for Antibiotic Stewardship in India

Technology, Training, and Task Shifting at the World’s Largest Mass Gathering in 2025: An Opportunity for Antibiotic Stewardship in India

The World Health Organization’s global action plan on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) recognizes that AMR “threatens the very core of modern medicine and the sustainability of an effective, global public health response to the enduring threat of infectious diseases” [1]. The contribution of antimicrobial use and overuse in intensifying selection pressures that lead to the emergence of AMR is well established [2].

Isaac H Y Chan, Miriam Gofine, Shitij Arora, Ahmed Shaikh, Satchit Balsari

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023;9:e45121

Prevalence of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Antibiotic-Resistant Genes and the Quantification of Antibiotics in Drinking Water Treatment Plants of Malaysia: Protocol for a Cross-sectional Study

Prevalence of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Antibiotic-Resistant Genes and the Quantification of Antibiotics in Drinking Water Treatment Plants of Malaysia: Protocol for a Cross-sectional Study

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) occurs when microorganisms develop the ability to resist antimicrobial treatment designed to inhibit their growth and kill them. Bacteria, as the most extensively studied for AMR in both clinical and environmental settings, can exchange resistance genes between species in a microbial population [3]. Infected humans and animals can act as reservoirs and spread these resistant bacteria into the environment through various routes.

Zuraifah Asrah Mohamad, Sophia Karen Bakon, Mohd Azerulazree Jamilan Jamilan, Norhafizan Daud, Lena Ciric, Norazah Ahmad, Nor Asiah Muhamad

JMIR Res Protoc 2022;11(11):e37663

Implementation of the World Health Organization Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System in Uganda, 2015-2020: Mixed-Methods Study Using National Surveillance Data

Implementation of the World Health Organization Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System in Uganda, 2015-2020: Mixed-Methods Study Using National Surveillance Data

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and is recognized as an emerging global health threat. If left unchecked, by 2050, AMR may contribute up to 10 million deaths per year [1]. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), particularly in Africa, data on drug-resistant infections are extremely scarce [2].

Susan Nabadda, Francis Kakooza, Reuben Kiggundu, Richard Walwema, Joel Bazira, Jonathan Mayito, Ibrahimm Mugerwa, Musa Sekamatte, Andrew Kambugu, Mohammed Lamorde, Henry Kajumbula, Henry Mwebasa

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2021;7(10):e29954