Published on in Vol 24, No 6 (2022): June

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/39719, first published .
Correction: Access to Electronic Personal Health Records Among Patients With Multiple Chronic Conditions: A Secondary Data Analysis

Correction: Access to Electronic Personal Health Records Among Patients With Multiple Chronic Conditions: A Secondary Data Analysis

Correction: Access to Electronic Personal Health Records Among Patients With Multiple Chronic Conditions: A Secondary Data Analysis

Corrigenda and Addenda

1Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States

2Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States

3Office of the National Coordinator, US Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, United States

Corresponding Author:

Alexandra J Greenberg, MPH, PhD

Mayo Clinic

200 First Street SW

Rochester, MN, 55905

United States

Phone: 1 507 538 7388

Fax:1 507 555 1212

Email: worisek.alexandra@gmail.com



In “Access to Electronic Personal Health Records Among Patients With Multiple Chronic Conditions: A Secondary Data Analysis” (J Med Internet Res 2017;19(6):e188), the authors made the following updates.

The authors were notified of data errors in one of the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) cycle datasets (HINTS 4, Cycle 4); the errors were in the weights provided for use in the analysis of these data [1]. Following the HINTS error notice [1], the authors reran analyses reported in Table 1 and Table 2. The originally published versions of these tables are in Multimedia Appendix 1 and Multimedia Appendix 2.

In rerunning analyses for Table 1, only one difference was found that resulted in a change in conclusion. Namely, the chi-squared analysis of “Confidence that PHI is safe” versus “Number of Chronic Conditions” was not significant in the updated analysis (P=.11). In the original analysis, the results were significant, with “Very Confident” more likely with two or more chronic conditions, and “Not Confident” more likely with no chronic conditions. Additionally, for “Accessed EHRs at least once” and “Frequency of EHR Access,” the original table used column percentages instead of row percentages; this has been corrected in the updated table.

In section “Associations Between Patient Factors and Number of Chronic Conditions” in the Results, the fourth sentence in the first paragraph originally read as follows:

In general, having two or more chronic conditions was associated with being older, having health insurance, having a regular provider, being less confident in taking care of themselves, reporting fair to poor health, being less inclined to use the Internet or to use a mobile phone/tablet, and in feeling more confident that their PHI is safe and controllable (Table 1).

It has been corrected as follows:

In general, having two or more chronic conditions was associated with being older, having health insurance, having a regular provider, being less confident in taking care of themselves, reporting fair to poor health, and being less inclined to use the Internet or to use a mobile phone/tablet (Table 1).

The following text from the Discussion was no longer accurate and has been removed from the corrected version of the article:

Additionally, HINTS included items addressing concerns about safety and privacy of electronic health information, which revealed that those with MCC reported slightly higher frequencies of believing that they were “very confident” in having control of the privacy of their records and that their PHI was safe with their providers. This could provide one explanation for the increased use of ePHR among those with MCC.

In rerunning analyses for Table 2, only one difference was found that resulted in a change in conclusion. Namely, for “Confidence that PHI is safe,” a significant association was found for “Very Confident” (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.21-3.31; P=.01) and “Somewhat Confident” (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.25-3.17) as compared to the reference of “Not Confident.” In the original analysis, neither was statistically significant. This change does not affect any of the text within the body of the manuscript. But it is a notable new conclusion, indicating that those who are more confident about the safety of their data are significantly more likely to use ePHR than those who are not confident about such security.

The corrected versions of Table 1 and Table 2 are below:

Table 1. Associations between patient characteristics, online characteristics, and attitudes with number of chronic conditions (N=3497).
Respondent characteristicsNumber of chronic conditions, n (weighted %)aχ2 (df)P value

01≥2

Overall1050 (39.8)892 (26.0)1555 (34.1)

Sex


5.5 (2).007

Female624 (36.2) 543 (27.3)920 (36.5)


Male420 (43.5)344 (25.2)605 (31.3)

Age (years)


59.5 (8)<.001

18-34283 (64.6)117 (25.4)60 (10.0)


35-49322 (48.1)200 (24.2)188 (27.8)


50-64272 (30.9)299 (28.9)556 (40.3)


65-7472 (14.9)149 (27.0)349 (58.1)


≥7528 (6.3)74 (21.4)274 (72.2)

Race/ethnicity


4.1 (8).001

Hispanic185 (41.9)132 (28.5)194 (29.6)


Non-Hispanic White555 (38.7)496 (26.1)844 (35.2)


Non-Hispanic Black142 (39.9)123 (24.0)252 (36.1)


Non-Hispanic other94 (57.4)56 (22.5)85 (20.0)


Missing74 (28.9)85 (26.9)180 (44.2)

Education


12.1 (6)<.001

Less than high school59 (27.5)65 (27.0)163 (45.6)


High school graduate171 (38.1)140 (23.0)323 (38.9)


Some college257 (34.9)282 (27.0)511 (38.1)


College graduate534 (49.6)377 (26.7)500 (23.7)

Income (US$)


8.3 (8)<.001

<$20,000163 (31.5)182 (27.0)442 (41.5)


$20,000 to <$35,000127 (29.1)116 (22.1)265 (48.8)


$35,000 to <$50,000145 (40.6)139 (26.7)220 (32.7)


$50,000 to <$75,000180 (38.2)153 (26.7)252 (35.0)


≥$75,000421 (48.7)295 (26.5)349 (24.9)

Health insurance


9.3 (2)<.001

Yes872 (38.3)768 (25.8)1397 (35.9)


No168 (51.6)110 (27.2)130 (21.2)

Regular provider


50.1 (2)<.001

Yes548 (32.4)612 (25.1)1256 (42.5)


No494 (54.3)266 (27.7)268 (18.0)

Self-reported ability to take care of own health


9.7 (4)<.001

Completely confident/very confident787 (42.9)629 (27.2)890 (29.8)


Somewhat confident224 (34.8)231 (24.8)518 (40.4)


A little confident/not at all confident36 (25.9)29 (19.2)137 (54.9)

Self-reported general health


52.0 (4)<.001

Excellent/very good675 (53.3)443 (26.4)427 (20.3)


Good301 (31.5)345 (28.8)672 (39.7)


Fair/Poor69 (17.9)97 (17.5)443 (64.7)

Regular Internet use


35.9 (2)<.001

Yes923 (42.9)709 (26.1)1077 (31.0)


No123 (25.3)173 (25.4)455 (49.2)

Accessed EHRs at least once


0.5 (2).61

Yes284 (28.0)250 (26.7)371 (25.5)


No757 (72.0)630 (73.3)1158 (74.5)

Frequency of EHR access


5.6 (8)<.001

Never757 (72.0)630 (73.3)1158 (74.5)


1-2 times158 (15.4)124 (14.2)153 (9.1)


3-5 times74 (7.5)78 (7.4)101 (7.6)


6-9 times24 (2.2)30 (3.4)57 (3.7)


≥10 times28 (2.9)18 (1.6)60 (5.1)

Use a mobile phone or tablet


36.7 (2)<.001

Yes848 (44.9)610 (26.0)854 (29.1)


No
185 (25.7)256 (26.2)638 (48.1)

Use health-related mobile phone/tablet apps


0.7 (2).49

Yes297 (46.0)204 (24.4)295 (29.6)


No522 (44.2)388 (27.9)516 (27.9)

Exchanged emails with provider(s)


0.3 (2).76

Yes246 (42.0)206 (25.7)331 (32.3)


No791 (39.6)662 (26.1)1179 (34.3)

Confidence that PHI is safe


2.0 (2).11

Very confident207 (38.9)178 (23.7)389 (37.5)


Somewhat confident534 (38.3)473 (27.4)809 (34.3)


Not confident295 (44.4)221 (24.9)324 (30.8)

Control privacy of records


3.3 (4).02

Very confident255 (34.5)246 (26.8)487 (38.7)


Somewhat confident479 (39.2)420 (26.0)733 (34.7)


Not confident307 (47.6)215 (25.2)302 (27.1)

Ever withheld information due to privacy concern


0.4 (2).66

Yes160 (43.0)128 (24.4)222 (32.6)


No882 (39.4)754 (26.3)1306 (34.2)

Concerned about security of information when sent between providers1.2 (4).32

Very concerned226 (41.9)191 (25.9)338 (32.3)


Somewhat concerned510 (40.4)431 (24.4)756 (35.3)


Not concerned305 (37.9)259 (28.9)433 (33.2)

a Percentages are weighted.

Table 2. Weighted multivariate logistic regression model of predictors of using electronic personal health records among those reporting having Internet access or who own a mobile phone (n=2941).
Predictors of use of electronic personal health recordsOR (95% CI)Beta (SE)Adj Wald F (df)P value
Number of chronic conditions

4.51 (2).02

0RefRef


10.98 (0.60-1.59)-0.02 (0.24)


≥21.88 (1.09-3.24)0.63 (0.27)

Sex

0.13 (1).72

MaleRefRef


Female1.06 (0.77-1.45)0.16 (0.16)

Age (years)

2.05 (4).10

≥75RefRef


65-741.80 (0.69-4.66)0.59 (0.48)


50-642.39 (1.01-5.67)0.87 (0.43)


35-492.68 (1.13-6.36)0.98 (0.43)


18-343.23 (1.24-8.41)1.17 (0.47)

Race/ethnicity

0.98 (4).43

Non-Hispanic WhiteRefRef


Hispanic0.62 (0.31-1.26)-0.47 (0.35)


Non-Hispanic Black0.90 (0.57-1.42)-0.11 (0.23)


Non-Hispanic other1.34 (0.70-2.55)0.29 (0.32)


Missing0.47 (0.14-1.54)-0.76 (0.59)

Education

1.35 (3).27

Less than high schoolRefRef


High school graduate1.22 (0.25-5.88)0.20 (0.78)


Some college1.51 (0.35-6.52)0.41 (0.73)


College graduate1.85 (0.41-8.31)0.61 (0.75)

Income (US$)

3.04 (4).03

<$20,000RefRef


$20,000 to <$35,0001.90 (0.81-4.47)0.42 (-0.21)


$35,000 to <$50,0002.75 (1.25-6.08)0.39 (0.22)


$50,000 to <$75,0001.89 (0.85-4.23)0.40 (-0.16)


≥$75,0003.17 (1.50-6.71)0.37 (0.41)

Health insurance

1.71 (1).20

NoRefRef


Yes1.48 (0.81-2.71)0.30 (-0.21)

Regular provider

7.43 (1).01

NoRefRef


Yes1.84 (1.17-2.88)0.61 (0.22)

Self-reported ability to take care of own health

0.21 (2).81

A little confident/not at all confidentRefRef


Somewhat confident0.97 (0.40-2.34)-0.03 (0.44)


Completely confident/very confident1.14 (0.54-2.39)0.13 (0.37)

Self-reported general health

1.71 (2).19

Excellent/very goodRefRef


Good1.40 (0.94-2.09)0.34 (0.20)


Fair/Poor1.04 (0.52-2.10)0.04 (0.35)

Confidence that PHI is safe

5.24 (2).01

Not confidentRefRef


Somewhat confident1.99 (1.25-3.17)0.69 (0.23)


Very confident2.00 (1.21-3.31)0.69 (0.25)

In addition, the corresponding author's email address has been changed to worisek.alexandra@gmail.com, as the author is no longer affiliated with Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science.

The correction will appear in the online version of the paper on the JMIR Publications website on June 20, 2022, together with the publication of this correction notice. Because this was made after submission to PubMed, PubMed Central, and other full-text repositories, the corrected article has also been resubmitted to those repositories.

Multimedia Appendix 1

Originally published Table 1.

PDF File (Adobe PDF File), 69 KB

Multimedia Appendix 2

Originally published Table 2.

PDF File (Adobe PDF File), 47 KB

  1. HINTS Data Errors, Remediation, and Recommendations. Health Information National Trends Survev. URL: https://hints.cancer.gov/data/data-remediation.aspx [accessed 2022-05-19]


HINTS: Health Information National Trends Survey


This is a non–peer-reviewed article. submitted 20.05.22; accepted 20.05.22; published 20.06.22.

Copyright

©Alexandra J Greenberg, Angela L Falisi, Lila J Finney Rutten, Wen-Ying Sylvia Chou, Vaishali Patel, Richard P Moser, Bradford W Hesse. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 20.06.2022.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on https://www.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.