%0 Journal Article %@ 2373-6658 %I JMIR Publications %V 9 %N %P e63769 %T COVID-19–Related Racism and Mental Health Among Asian Americans: Integrative Review %A Von Visger,Tania %A Lyons,Amy %A Zhou,Yanjun %A Wardlaw,Kayla %A Park,Eunhee %A Chang,Yu-Ping %K racism %K anti-Asian sentiment %K integrative review %K psychological distress %K mental health %K review %K Asian American %K Asian %K wellness %K psychological %K distress %K COVID-19 %K pandemic %K cross-sectional survey %K survey %K depression %K anxiety %D 2025 %7 2.4.2025 %9 %J Asian Pac Isl Nurs J %G English %X Background: Racism against Asian Americans escalated during the COVID-19 pandemic. About 31%‐91% of Asian American adults and children reported experiencing various types of racism during the pandemic. According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation hate crime statistics, anti-Asian hate crime incidents increased from 158 in 2019 to 279 in 2020 and 746 in 2021. In 2022, the incidents decreased to 499, corresponding to the downward trend of the pandemic. The degree of impact racism has on mental health and wellness among Asian Americans requires investigation, specifically during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: We aim to describe racism-related mental health problems experienced by Asian Americans living in the United States and propose implementation strategies for mitigating their consequences. Methods: We conducted an integrative review of peer-reviewed publications in English reporting anti-Asian sentiments and racism’s impacts on mental health among Asian Americans in the United States. Results: The 29 eligible articles report on studies that utilized cross-sectional survey designs with various sample sizes. Racism is directly correlated with the prevalence of depression and anxiety experienced by victims of racist acts. The prevalence of in-person direct racism (racist expression aimed directly at the victim) is lower than in-person indirect racism (racist expression aimed at the ethnic group the victim belongs to). During the COVID-19 pandemic, the incidence of explicit online racism was lower than online indirect racism. Conclusions: COVID-19–related racism exacerbated preexisting racism, contributing to worse depression and anxiety among Asian Americans. To address this issue, we propose 2 main approaches: increase public awareness and education about recognizable racist sentiments/acts and systematized reporting of racially motivated crimes to guide political action. At an individual level, culturally responsive, trauma-informed interventions promoting cultural support and cohesion for various Asian American groups will foster this empowerment. These proposed actions will help alleviate racism by reducing stereotypes, empowering victims, and chipping away at the systemic racism structure. %R 10.2196/63769 %U https://apinj.jmir.org/2025/1/e63769 %U https://doi.org/10.2196/63769 %0 Journal Article %@ 2563-6316 %I JMIR Publications %V 6 %N %P e73258 %T Authors’ Response to Peer Reviews of “Large Language Models for Pediatric Differential Diagnoses in Rural Health Care: Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study Comparing GPT-3 With Pediatrician Performance” %A Mansoor,Masab %A Ibrahim,Andrew F %A Grindem,David %A Baig,Asad %K natural language processing %K NLP %K machine learning %K ML %K artificial intelligence %K language model %K large language model %K LLM %K generative pretrained transformer %K GPT %K pediatrics %D 2025 %7 19.3.2025 %9 %J JMIRx Med %G English %X %R 10.2196/73258 %U https://xmed.jmir.org/2025/1/e73258 %U https://doi.org/10.2196/73258 %0 Journal Article %@ 2561-326X %I JMIR Publications %V 9 %N %P e60051 %T A Very Low–Carbohydrate Program in Adults With Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Phospholipase Domain–Containing Protein 3 Risk Genotype: Pre-Post Intervention Study %A Saslow,Laura R %A Krinock,Jamie %A O'Brien,Alison %A Raymond,Kaitlyn %A Bayandorian,Hovig %A Moskowitz,Judith T %A Daubenmier,Jennifer %A Oliveri,Antonino %A Marriott,Deanna J %A Griauzde,Dina H %A Speliotes,Elizabeth K %K metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease %K ketogenic diet %K low carbohydrate %K adult %K genotype %K insulin %K insulin resistance %K metabolic dysfunction %K dietary pattern %K type 2 diabetes %K T2DM %K single-arm pilot trial %K liver function test %K genome %K non-alcoholic fatty liver disease %D 2025 %7 10.1.2025 %9 %J JMIR Form Res %G English %X Background: Insulin resistance and the G allele of rs738409 interact to create a greater risk of metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease. Objective: This study aims to confirm that one promising way to reduce insulin resistance is by following a very low–carbohydrate (VLC) dietary pattern. Methods: Adults with rs738409-GG or -CG with liver steatosis and elevated liver function tests, were taught an ad libitum VLC diet, positive affect and mindful eating skills, goal setting, and self-monitoring and given feedback and coaching for 4 months. We measured liver steatosis, anthropometric, serum metabolic diet adherence, and quality of life measures. Results: In this small pilot trial, of the 11 participants enrolled, 9 (82%) participants completed outcomes. All 11 participants viewed at least 1 session of the intervention, and 8 (73%) participants viewed at least half of the sessions. Among the 9 participants who provided 4-month self-report information, intervention satisfaction was high (mean 6.22, 95% CI 5.58-6.85), with 5 (56%) participants rating the intervention the top score, and 4 (44%) participants reporting they did not plan to stop following the VLC diet. Across participants with a 4-month hepatic liver fat percent measurement, the percent change in liver fat was −33.17% (95% CI −86.48 to 20.14), and in only the participants who were adherent to the eating pattern, the percent change in liver fat was −53.12% (95% CI −71.25 to −34.99). Amongst participants with a 4-month hepatic liver fat percent measurement, 6 out of 8 (75%) participants were considered responders, with a relative decline in liver fat ≥30%, and of the 9 participants with a 4-month body weight, 9 (100%) participants lost ≥5% of their body weight. There were no serious adverse events. Conclusions: Results suggest the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the VLC intervention in adults with higher genetic risk for metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease, although there is a need for further studies given the small sample size and the high risk of substantial biases in this small pilot study. %R 10.2196/60051 %U https://formative.jmir.org/2025/1/e60051 %U https://doi.org/10.2196/60051