TY  - JOUR
AU  - Campbell, Cynthia I
AU  - Chen, Ching-Hua
AU  - Adams, Sara R
AU  - Asyyed, Asma
AU  - Athale, Ninad R
AU  - Does, Monique B
AU  - Hassanpour, Saeed
AU  - Hichborn, Emily
AU  - Jackson-Morris, Melanie
AU  - Jacobson, Nicholas C
AU  - Jones, Heather K
AU  - Kotz, David
AU  - Lambert-Harris, Chantal A
AU  - Li, Zhiguo
AU  - McLeman, Bethany
AU  - Mishra, Varun
AU  - Stanger, Catherine
AU  - Subramaniam, Geetha
AU  - Wu, Weiyi
AU  - Zegers, Christopher
AU  - Marsch, Lisa A
PY  - 2023
DA  - 2023/6/13
TI  - Patient Engagement in a Multimodal Digital Phenotyping Study of Opioid Use Disorder
JO  - J Med Internet Res
SP  - e45556
VL  - 25
KW  - opioid use disorder
KW  - digital phenotyping
KW  - medication for opioid use disorder
KW  - MOUD
KW  - ecological momentary assessment
KW  - EMA
KW  - passive sensing
KW  - social media
KW  - opioid
KW  - OUD
KW  - data collection
KW  - smartphone
KW  - digital health
AB  - Background: Multiple digital data sources can capture moment-to-moment information to advance a robust understanding of opioid use disorder (OUD) behavior, ultimately creating a digital phenotype for each patient. This information can lead to individualized interventions to improve treatment for OUD. Objective: The aim is to examine patient engagement with multiple digital phenotyping methods among patients receiving buprenorphine medication for OUD. Methods: The study enrolled 65 patients receiving buprenorphine for OUD between June 2020 and January 2021 from 4 addiction medicine programs in an integrated health care delivery system in Northern California. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA), sensor data, and social media data were collected by smartphone, smartwatch, and social media platforms over a 12-week period. Primary engagement outcomes were meeting measures of minimum phone carry (≥8 hours per day) and watch wear (≥18 hours per day) criteria, EMA response rates, social media consent rate, and data sparsity. Descriptive analyses, bivariate, and trend tests were performed. Results: The participants’ average age was 37 years, 47% of them were female, and 71% of them were White. On average, participants met phone carrying criteria on 94% of study days, met watch wearing criteria on 74% of days, and wore the watch to sleep on 77% of days. The mean EMA response rate was 70%, declining from 83% to 56% from week 1 to week 12. Among participants with social media accounts, 88% of them consented to providing data; of them, 55% of Facebook, 54% of Instagram, and 57% of Twitter participants provided data. The amount of social media data available varied widely across participants. No differences by age, sex, race, or ethnicity were observed for any outcomes. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study to capture these 3 digital data sources in this clinical population. Our findings demonstrate that patients receiving buprenorphine treatment for OUD had generally high engagement with multiple digital phenotyping data sources, but this was more limited for the social media data. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID): RR2-10.3389/fpsyt.2022.871916 
SN  - 1438-8871
UR  - https://www.jmir.org/2023/1/e45556
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2196/45556
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37310787
DO  - 10.2196/45556
ID  - info:doi/10.2196/45556
ER  -