TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goswami, Aumeya
AU  - Poole, Lydia
AU  - Thorlu-Bangura, Zareen
AU  - Khan, Nushrat
AU  - Hanif, Wasim
AU  - Khunti, Kamlesh
AU  - Gill, Paramjit
AU  - Sajid, Madiha
AU  - Blandford, Ann
AU  - Stevenson, Fiona
AU  - Banerjee, Amitava
AU  - Ramasawmy, Mel
PY  - 2023
DA  - 2023/1/6
TI  - The Use of Digital Health Interventions for Cardiometabolic Diseases Among South Asian and Black Minority Ethnic Groups: Realist Review
JO  - J Med Internet Res
SP  - e40630
VL  - 25
KW  - digital health
KW  - health inequality
KW  - cardiometabolic disease
KW  - cardiometabolic
KW  - ethnic
KW  - minority
KW  - cardiology
KW  - heart
KW  - eHealth
KW  - review
KW  - realist
KW  - context-mechanism-outcome
KW  - South Asia
KW  - Black
KW  - migrant
KW  - systematic search
KW  - literature search
KW  - African American
KW  - CVD
KW  - cardiovascular
KW  - diabetes
KW  - diabetic
KW  - type 2
KW  - mobile phone
AB  - Background: Digital health interventions (DHIs) for the prevention and management of cardiometabolic diseases have become increasingly common. However, there is limited evidence for the suitability of these approaches in minority ethnic populations, who are at an increased risk of these diseases. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the use of DHIs for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes among minority ethnic populations in countries with a majority of White, English-speaking populations, focusing on people who identified as South Asian, Black, or African American. Methods: A realist methodology framework was followed. A literature search was conducted to develop context-mechanism-outcome configurations, including the contexts in which DHIs work for the target minority ethnic groups, mechanisms that these contexts trigger, and resulting health outcomes. After systematic searches, a qualitative analysis of the included studies was conducted using deductive and inductive coding. Results: A total of 15 studies on the uptake of DHIs for cardiovascular disease or diabetes were identified, of which 13 (87%) focused on people with an African-American background. The review found evidence supporting the use of DHIs in minority ethnic populations when specific factors are considered in implementation and design, including patients’ beliefs, health needs, education and literacy levels, material circumstances, culture, social networks, and wider community and the supporting health care systems. Conclusions: Our context-mechanism-outcome configurations provide a useful guide for the future development of DHIs targeted at South Asian and Black minority ethnic populations, with specific recommendations for improving cultural competency and promoting accessibility and inclusivity of design. 
SN  - 1438-8871
UR  - https://www.jmir.org/2023/1/e40630
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2196/40630
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36607732
DO  - 10.2196/40630
ID  - info:doi/10.2196/40630
ER  -