TY  - JOUR
AU  - Yu, Yanqiu
AU  - Li, Ji-Bin
AU  - Lau, Joseph T F
PY  - 2021
DA  - 2021/2/24
TI  - Awareness and Potential Impacts of the Medicalization of Internet Gaming Disorder: Cross-sectional Survey Among Adolescents in China
JO  - J Med Internet Res
SP  - e22393
VL  - 23
IS  - 2
KW  - gaming disorder
KW  - ICD-11
KW  - high-risk subgroups
KW  - disease awareness
KW  - medicalization
KW  - internet gaming
KW  - awareness
KW  - impact
KW  - adolescent
KW  - young adult
KW  - China
KW  - game
KW  - disorder
KW  - ICD
AB  - Background: The Eleventh Revision of International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) newly listed gaming disorder, including internet gaming disorder (IGD), as a disease. The level of awareness and potential positive and negative impacts of this medicalization among adolescents were unknown. Objective: This study investigated the levels, associated factors, and potential positive and negative impacts of awareness of the medicalization of IGD among adolescents in China. Methods: In a cross-sectional survey, 1343 middle school students in Guangzhou, China, self-administered an anonymous questionnaire in classrooms (October to December 2019). Three risk subgroups were identified: those who scored ≥5 items in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition checklist (IGD-S), those who self-perceived having IGD currently (IGD-PC), and those who self-perceived having IGD within 12 months (IGD-P12M). Results: Of the internet gamers, 48.3% (460/952) were aware of the medicalization of IGD; they were more likely to belong to the IGD-P12M/IGD-S risk subgroups. Within the IGD-PC/IGD-P12M (but not IGD-S) risk subgroups, IGD medicalization awareness was positively associated with favorable outcomes (reduced internet gaming time in the past 12 months, seeking help from professionals if having IGD, and fewer maladaptive cognitions). After being briefed about the ICD-11 inclusion of IGD, 54.2% (516/952) and 32.8% (312/952) expressed that it would lead to the reduction of gaming time and help-seeking behaviors, respectively; however, 17.9% (170/952), 21.5% (205/952), 15.9% (151/952), and 14.5% (138/952) perceived self-doubt for being diseased, stronger pressure from family members, negative emotional responses, and labeling effect, respectively. With a few exceptions, such perceived positive or negative impacts were stronger among the IGD-S, IGD-PC, and IGD-P12M risk subgroups. Conclusions: The exploratory study shows that the medicalization of IGD may have benefits that need maximization and potentially harmful effects that need minimization. Future studies should test the efficacies of health promotion that increases IGD medicalization awareness. 
SN  - 1438-8871
UR  - https://www.jmir.org/2021/2/e22393
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2196/22393
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33625362
DO  - 10.2196/22393
ID  - info:doi/10.2196/22393
ER  -