TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhou, Leming
AU  - Parmanto, Bambang
PY  - 2020
DA  - 2020/4/29
TI  - Development and Validation of a Comprehensive Well-Being Scale for People in the University Environment (Pitt Wellness Scale) Using a Crowdsourcing Approach: Cross-Sectional Study
JO  - J Med Internet Res
SP  - e15075
VL  - 22
IS  - 4
KW  - crowdsourcing
KW  - questionnaire design
KW  - university
AB  - Background: Well-being has multiple domains, and these domains are unique to the population being examined. Therefore, to precisely assess the well-being of a population, a scale specifically designed for that population is needed. Objective: The goal of this study was to design and validate a comprehensive well-being scale for people in a university environment, including students, faculty, and staff. Methods: A crowdsourcing approach was used to determine relevant domains for the comprehensive well-being scale in this population and identify specific questions to include in each domain. A web-based questionnaire (Q1) was used to collect opinions from a group of university students, faculty, and staff about the domains and subdomains of the scale. A draft of a new well-being scale (Q2) was created in response to the information collected via Q1, and a second group of study participants was invited to evaluate the relevance and clarity of each statement. A newly created well-being scale (Q3) was then used by a third group of university students, faculty, and staff. A psychometric analysis was performed on the data collected via Q3 to determine the validity and reliability of the well-being scale. Results: In the first step, a group of 518 university community members (students, faculty, and staff) indicated the domains and subdomains that they desired to have in a comprehensive well-being scale. In the second step, a second group of 167 students, faculty, and staff evaluated the relevance and clarity of the proposed statements in each domain. In the third step, a third group of 546 students, faculty, and staff provided their responses to the new well-being scale (Pitt Wellness Scale). The psychometric analysis indicated that the reliability of the well-being scale was high. Conclusions: Using a crowdsourcing approach, we successfully created a comprehensive and highly reliable well-being scale for people in the university environment. Our new Pitt Wellness Scale may be used to measure the well-being of people in the university environment. 
SN  - 1438-8871
UR  - http://www.jmir.org/2020/4/e15075/
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2196/15075
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32347801
DO  - 10.2196/15075
ID  - info:doi/10.2196/15075
ER  -