TY  - JOUR
AU  - von Wedel, Philip
AU  - Hagist, Christian
PY  - 2020
DA  - 2020/11/18
TI  - Economic Value of Data and Analytics for Health Care Providers: Hermeneutic Systematic Literature Review
JO  - J Med Internet Res
SP  - e23315
VL  - 22
IS  - 11
KW  - digital health
KW  - health information technology
KW  - healthcare provider economics
KW  - electronic health records
KW  - data analytics
KW  - artificial intelligence
AB  - Background: The benefits of data and analytics for health care systems and single providers is an increasingly investigated field in digital health literature. Electronic health records (EHR), for example, can improve quality of care. Emerging analytics tools based on artificial intelligence show the potential to assist physicians in day-to-day workflows. Yet, single health care providers also need information regarding the economic impact when deciding on potential adoption of these tools. Objective: This paper examines the question of whether data and analytics provide economic advantages or disadvantages for health care providers. The goal is to provide a comprehensive overview including a variety of technologies beyond computer-based patient records. Ultimately, findings are also intended to determine whether economic barriers for adoption by providers could exist. Methods: A systematic literature search of the PubMed and Google Scholar online databases was conducted, following the hermeneutic methodology that encourages iterative search and interpretation cycles. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria to 165 initially identified studies, 50 were included for qualitative synthesis and topic-based clustering. Results: The review identified 5 major technology categories, namely EHRs (n=30), computerized clinical decision support (n=8), advanced analytics (n=5), business analytics (n=5), and telemedicine (n=2). Overall, 62% (31/50) of the reviewed studies indicated a positive economic impact for providers either via direct cost or revenue effects or via indirect efficiency or productivity improvements. When differentiating between categories, however, an ambiguous picture emerged for EHR, whereas analytics technologies like computerized clinical decision support and advanced analytics predominantly showed economic benefits. Conclusions: The research question of whether data and analytics create economic benefits for health care providers cannot be answered uniformly. The results indicate ambiguous effects for EHRs, here representing data, and mainly positive effects for the significantly less studied analytics field. The mixed results regarding EHRs can create an economic barrier for adoption by providers. This barrier can translate into a bottleneck to positive economic effects of analytics technologies relying on EHR data. Ultimately, more research on economic effects of technologies other than EHRs is needed to generate a more reliable evidence base. 
SN  - 1438-8871
UR  - http://www.jmir.org/2020/11/e23315/
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2196/23315
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33206056
DO  - 10.2196/23315
ID  - info:doi/10.2196/23315
ER  -