TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kwan, Yu Heng
AU  - Weng, Si Dun
AU  - Loh, Dionne Hui Fang
AU  - Phang, Jie Kie
AU  - Oo, Livia Jia Yi
AU  - Blalock, Dan V
AU  - Chew, Eng Hui
AU  - Yap, Kai Zhen
AU  - Tan, Corrinne Yong Koon
AU  - Yoon, Sungwon
AU  - Fong, Warren
AU  - Østbye, Truls
AU  - Low, Lian Leng
AU  - Bosworth, Hayden Barry
AU  - Thumboo, Julian
PY  - 2020
DA  - 2020/10/9
TI  - Measurement Properties of Existing Patient-Reported Outcome Measures on Medication Adherence: Systematic Review
JO  - J Med Internet Res
SP  - e19179
VL  - 22
IS  - 10
KW  - systematic review
KW  - reliability and validity
KW  - medication adherence
KW  - patient reported outcome measures
AB  - Background: Medication adherence is essential for improving the health outcomes of patients. Various patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have been developed to measure medication adherence in patients. However, no study has summarized the psychometric properties of these PROMs to guide selection for use in clinical practice or research. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the quality of the PROMs used to measure medication adherence. Methods: This study was guided by the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. Relevant articles were retrieved from the EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) databases. The PROMs were then evaluated based on the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) guidelines. Results: A total of 121 unique medication adherence PROMs from 214 studies were identified. Hypotheses testing for construct validity and internal consistency were the most frequently assessed measurement properties. PROMs with at least a moderate level of evidence for ≥5 measurement properties include the Adherence Starts with Knowledge 20, Compliance Questionnaire-Rheumatology, General Medication Adherence Scale, Hill-Bone Scale, Immunosuppressant Therapy Barrier Scale, Medication Adherence Reasons Scale (MAR-Scale) revised, 5-item Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS-5), 9-item MARS (MARS-9), 4-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-4), 8-item MMAS (MMAS-8), Self-efficacy for Appropriate Medication Adherence Scale, Satisfaction with Iron Chelation Therapy, Test of Adherence to Inhalers, and questionnaire by Voils. The MAR-Scale revised, MMAS-4, and MMAS-8 have been administered electronically. Conclusions: This study identified 121 PROMs for medication adherence and provided synthesized evidence for the measurement properties of these PROMs. The findings from this study may assist clinicians and researchers in selecting suitable PROMs to assess medication adherence. 
SN  - 1438-8871
UR  - https://www.jmir.org/2020/10/e19179
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2196/19179
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33034566
DO  - 10.2196/19179
ID  - info:doi/10.2196/19179
ER  -