%0 Journal Article
%@ 1438-8871
%I JMIR Publications
%V 23
%N 12
%P e26763
%T Assessing Physicians’ Recall Bias of Work Hours With a Mobile App: Interview and App-Recorded Data Comparison
%A Wang,Hsiao-Han
%A Lin,Yu-Hsuan
%+ Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Township, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan, 886 37 206 166 ext 36383, yuhsuanlin@nhri.edu.tw
%K smartphone
%K mobile app
%K work hours
%K recall bias
%K time perception
%K physicians
%K labor policy
%D 2021
%7 24.12.2021
%9 Original Paper
%J J Med Internet Res
%G English
%X Background: Previous studies have shown inconsistencies in the accuracy of self-reported work hours. However, accurate documentation of work hours is fundamental for the formation of labor policies. Strict work-hour policies decrease medical errors, improve patient safety, and promote physicians’ well-being. Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate physicians’ recall bias of work hours with a mobile app, and to examine the association between the recall bias and physicians’ work hours. Methods: We quantified recall bias by calculating the differences between the app-recorded and self-reported work hours of the previous week and the penultimate week. We recruited 18 physicians to install the “Staff Hours” app, which automatically recorded GPS-defined work hours for 2 months, contributing 1068 person-days. We examined the association between work hours and two recall bias indicators: (1) the difference between self-reported and app-recorded work hours and (2) the percentage of days for which work hours were not precisely recalled during interviews. Results: App-recorded work hours highly correlated with self-reported counterparts (r=0.86-0.88, P<.001). Self-reported work hours were consistently significantly lower than app-recorded hours by –8.97 (SD 8.60) hours and –6.48 (SD 8.29) hours for the previous week and the penultimate week, respectively (both P<.001). The difference for the previous week was significantly correlated with work hours in the previous week (r=–0.410, P=.01), whereas the correlation of the difference with the hours in the penultimate week was not significant (r=–0.119, P=.48). The percentage of hours not recalled (38.6%) was significantly higher for the penultimate week (38.6%) than for the first week (16.0%), and the former was significantly correlated with work hours of the penultimate week (r=0.489, P=.002) Conclusions: Our study identified the existence of recall bias of work hours, the extent to which the recall was biased, and the influence of work hours on recall bias. 
%M 34951600
%R 10.2196/26763
%U https://www.jmir.org/2021/12/e26763
%U https://doi.org/10.2196/26763
%U http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34951600