%0 Journal Article
%@ 1438-8871
%I JMIR Publications
%V 20
%N 8
%P e10976
%T A Face-Aging App for Smoking Cessation in a Waiting Room Setting: Pilot Study in an HIV Outpatient Clinic
%A Brinker,Titus Josef
%A Brieske,Christian Martin
%A Esser,Stefan
%A Klode,Joachim
%A Mons,Ute
%A Batra,Anil
%A Rüther,Tobias
%A Seeger,Werner
%A Enk,Alexander H
%A von Kalle,Christof
%A Berking,Carola
%A Heppt,Markus V
%A Gatzka,Martina V
%A Bernardes-Souza,Breno
%A Schlenk,Richard F
%A Schadendorf,Dirk
%+ National Center for Tumor Diseases, Department of Translational Oncology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany, 49 15175084347, titus.brinker@nct-heidelberg.de
%K face aging
%K smoking cessation
%K HIV
%K mobile apps
%K HIV patients
%K HIV seropositivity
%K smoking
%K cessation
%K tobacco smoking
%K morphing
%D 2018
%7 15.08.2018
%9 Original Paper
%J J Med Internet Res
%G English
%X Background: There is strong evidence for the effectiveness of addressing tobacco use in health care settings. However, few smokers receive cessation advice when visiting a hospital. Implementing smoking cessation technology in outpatient waiting rooms could be an effective strategy for change, with the potential to expose almost all patients visiting a health care provider without preluding physician action needed. Objective: The objective of this study was to develop an intervention for smoking cessation that would make use of the time patients spend in a waiting room by passively exposing them to a face-aging, public morphing, tablet-based app, to pilot the intervention in a waiting room of an HIV outpatient clinic, and to measure the perceptions of this intervention among smoking and nonsmoking HIV patients. Methods: We developed a kiosk version of our 3-dimensional face-aging app Smokerface, which shows the user how their face would look with or without cigarette smoking 1 to 15 years in the future. We placed a tablet with the app running on a table in the middle of the waiting room of our HIV outpatient clinic, connected to a large monitor attached to the opposite wall. A researcher noted all the patients who were using the waiting room. If a patient did not initiate app use within 30 seconds of waiting time, the researcher encouraged him or her to do so. Those using the app were asked to complete a questionnaire. Results: During a 19-day period, 464 patients visited the waiting room, of whom 187 (40.3%) tried the app and 179 (38.6%) completed the questionnaire. Of those who completed the questionnaire, 139 of 176 (79.0%) were men and 84 of 179 (46.9%) were smokers. Of the smokers, 55 of 81 (68%) said the intervention motivated them to quit (men: 45, 68%; women: 10, 67%); 41 (51%) said that it motivated them to discuss quitting with their doctor (men: 32, 49%; women: 9, 60%); and 72 (91%) perceived the intervention as fun (men: 57, 90%; women: 15, 94%). Of the nonsmokers, 92 (98%) said that it motivated them never to take up smoking (men: 72, 99%; women: 20, 95%). Among all patients, 102 (22.0%) watched another patient try the app without trying it themselves; thus, a total of 289 (62.3%) of the 464 patients were exposed to the intervention (average waiting time 21 minutes). Conclusions: A face-aging app implemented in a waiting room provides a novel opportunity to motivate patients visiting a health care provider to quit smoking, to address quitting at their subsequent appointment and thereby encourage physician-delivered smoking cessation, or not to take up smoking. 
%M 30111525
%R 10.2196/10976
%U http://www.jmir.org/2018/8/e10976/
%U https://doi.org/10.2196/10976
%U http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30111525