@Article{info:doi/10.2196/25741,
author="Madar, Ronni
and Ugon, Adrien
and Ivankovi{\'{c}}, Damir
and Tsopra, Rosy",
title="A Web Interface for Antibiotic Prescription Recommendations in Primary Care: User-Centered Design Approach",
journal="J Med Internet Res",
year="2021",
month="Jun",
day="11",
volume="23",
number="6",
pages="e25741",
keywords="clinical decision support system; visualization; usability; clinical practice guidelines; antibiotic; primary care",
abstract="Background: Antibiotic misuse is a serious public health problem worldwide. National health authorities release clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) to guide general practitioners (GPs) in their choice of antibiotics. However, despite the large-scale dissemination of CPGs, GPs continue to prescribe antibiotics that are not recommended as first-line treatments. This nonadherence to recommendations may be due to GPs misunderstanding the CPGs. A web interface displaying antibiotic prescription recommendations and their justifications could help to improve the comprehensibility and readability of CPGs, thereby increasing the adoption of recommendations regarding antibiotic treatment. Objective: This study aims to design and evaluate a web interface for antibiotic prescription displaying both the recommended antibiotics and their justifications in the form of antibiotic properties. Methods: A web interface was designed according to the same principles as e-commerce interfaces and was assessed by 117 GPs. These GPs were asked to answer 17 questions relating to the usefulness, user-friendliness, and comprehensibility and readability of the interface, and their satisfaction with it. Responses were recorded on a 4-point Likert scale (ranging from ``absolutely disagree'' to ``absolutely agree''). At the end of the evaluation, the GPs were allowed to provide optional, additional free comments. Results: The antibiotic prescription web interface consists of three main sections: a clinical summary section, a filter section, and a recommended antibiotics section. The majority of GPs appreciated the clinical summary (90/117, 76.9{\%}) and filter (98/117, 83.8{\%}) sections, whereas 48.7{\%} (57/117) of them reported difficulty reading some of the icons in the recommended antibiotics section. Overall, 82.9{\%} (97/117) of GPs found the display of drug properties useful, and 65.8{\%} (77/117) reported that the web interface improved their understanding of CPG recommendations. Conclusions: The web interface displaying antibiotic recommendations and their properties can help doctors understand the rationale underlying CPG recommendations regarding antibiotic treatment, but further improvements are required before its implementation into a clinical decision support system. ",
issn="1438-8871",
doi="10.2196/25741",
url="https://www.jmir.org/2021/6/e25741",
url="https://doi.org/10.2196/25741",
url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34114958"
}