@Article{info:doi/10.2196/10507,
author="Bian, Jiantao
and Weir, Charlene
and Unni, Prasad
and Borbolla, Damian
and Reese, Thomas
and Wan, Yik-Ki Jacob
and Del Fiol, Guilherme",
title="Interactive Visual Displays for Interpreting the Results of Clinical Trials: Formative Evaluation With Case Vignettes",
journal="J Med Internet Res",
year="2018",
month="Jun",
day="25",
volume="20",
number="6",
pages="e10507",
keywords="clinical decision-making; clinician information needs; information display; information foraging theory; information seeking behavior",
abstract="Background: At the point of care, evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is underutilized in helping clinicians meet their information needs. Objective: To design interactive visual displays to help clinicians interpret and compare the results of relevant RCTs for the management of a specific patient, and to conduct a formative evaluation with physicians comparing interactive visual versus narrative displays. Methods: We followed a user-centered and iterative design process succeeded by development of information display prototypes as a Web-based application. We then used a within-subjects design with 20 participants (8 attendings and 12 residents) to evaluate the usability and problem-solving impact of the information displays. We compared subjects' perceptions of the interactive visual displays versus narrative abstracts. Results: The resulting interactive visual displays present RCT results side-by-side according to the Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome (PICO) framework. Study participants completed 19 usability tasks in 3 to 11 seconds with a success rate of 78{\%} to 100{\%}. Participants favored the interactive visual displays over narrative abstracts according to perceived efficiency, effectiveness, effort, user experience and preference (all P values <.001). Conclusions: When interpreting and applying RCT findings to case vignettes, physicians preferred interactive graphical and PICO-framework-based information displays that enable direct comparison of the results from multiple RCTs compared to the traditional narrative and study-centered format. Future studies should investigate the use of interactive visual displays to support clinical decision making in care settings and their effect on clinician and patient outcomes. ",
issn="1438-8871",
doi="10.2196/10507",
url="http://www.jmir.org/2018/6/e10507/",
url="https://doi.org/10.2196/10507",
url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29941416"
}