@Article{info:doi/10.2196/jmir.9496,
author="Ben-Sasson, Ayelet
and Robins, Diana L
and Yom-Tov, Elad",
title="Risk Assessment for Parents Who Suspect Their Child Has Autism Spectrum Disorder: Machine Learning Approach",
journal="J Med Internet Res",
year="2018",
month="Apr",
day="24",
volume="20",
number="4",
pages="e134",
keywords="autistic disorder; early diagnosis; screening; parents; child; expression of concern; technology; machine learning",
abstract="Background: Parents are likely to seek Web-based communities to verify their suspicions of autism spectrum disorder markers in their child. Automated tools support human decisions in many domains and could therefore potentially support concerned parents. Objective: The objective of this study was to test the feasibility of assessing autism spectrum disorder risk in parental concerns from Web-based sources, using automated text analysis tools and minimal standard questioning. Methods: Participants were 115 parents with concerns regarding their child's social-communication development. Children were 16- to 30-months old, and 57.4{\%} (66/115) had a family history of autism spectrum disorder. Parents reported their concerns online, and completed an autism spectrum disorder-specific screener, the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers-Revised, with Follow-up (M-CHAT-R/F), and a broad developmental screener, the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ). An algorithm predicted autism spectrum disorder risk using a combination of the parent's text and a single screening question, selected by the algorithm to enhance prediction accuracy. Results: Screening measures identified 58{\%} (67/115) to 88{\%} (101/115) of children at risk for autism spectrum disorder. Children with a family history of autism spectrum disorder were 3 times more likely to show autism spectrum disorder risk on screening measures. The prediction of a child's risk on the ASQ or M-CHAT-R was significantly more accurate when predicted from text combined with an M-CHAT-R question selected (automatically) than from the text alone. The frequently automatically selected M-CHAT-R questions that predicted risk were: following a point, make-believe play, and concern about deafness. Conclusions: The internet can be harnessed to prescreen for autism spectrum disorder using parental concerns by administering a few standardized screening questions to augment this process. ",
issn="1438-8871",
doi="10.2196/jmir.9496",
url="http://www.jmir.org/2018/4/e134/",
url="https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.9496",
url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29691210"
}